Events
365 – The Alamanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor
Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend
the Gallic cities.
996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of
Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name
Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).
1179 – Philip II is crowned King of France.
1348 – The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks the Jews
of Murviedro on the pretext that they are serfs of the King
of Valencia and thus "royalists."
1512 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo,
is exhibited to the public for the first time.
1520 – The Strait of Magellan is discovered, the passage immediately
south of mainland South America, connecting the Pacific and
the Atlantic Oceans, is first navigated by Ferdinand Magellan
during the first global circumnavigation voyage.
1555 – French Huguenots establish the France Antarctique colony
in present-day Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
1604 – William Shakespeare's tragedy Othello is presented for
the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
1611 – William Shakespeare's romantic comedy The Tempest is
presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
1612 – (22 October O.S.) Time of Troubles in Russia: Moscow,
Kitai-gorod, is captured by Russian troops under command of
Dmitry Pozharsky
1683 – The British crown colony of New York is subdivided into
12 counties.
1688 – William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis
in the Netherlands to invade England, Scotland and Ireland from
King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.
1755 – Lisbon earthquake: In Portugal, Lisbon is destroyed by
a massive earthquake and tsunami, killing between sixty thousand
and ninety thousand people.
1765 – The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the 13
colonies in order to help pay for British military operations
in North America.
1790 – Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution
in France, in which he predicts that the French Revolution will
end in a disaster.
1800 – US President John Adams becomes the first President of
the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed
the White House).
1805 – Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during the War of
the Third Coalition.
1814 – Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political
map after the defeat of France, in the Napoleonic Wars.
1848 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for
women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged
with the Boston University School of Medicine), opens.
1859 – The current Cape Lookout, North Carolina, lighthouse
is lit for the first time. Its first-order Fresnel lens can
be seen for about 19 miles (30 kilometers), in good conditions.
1861 – American Civil War: US President Abraham Lincoln appoints
George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing
General Winfield Scott.
1870 – In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed
the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological
forecast.
1876 – New Zealand's provincial government system is dissolved.
1884 – The Gaelic Athletic Association is set up in Hayes's
Hotel in Thurles, County Tipperary.
1886 – Ananda College, a leading Buddhist school in Sri Lanka
is established with 37 students.
1894 – Nicholas II becomes the new Tsar of Russia after his
father, Alexander III, dies.
1896 – A picture showing the unclad (bare) breasts of a woman
appears in National Geographic magazine for the first time.
1897 – The first Library of Congress building opened its doors
to the public. The Library had been housed in the Congressional
Reading Room in the U.S. Capitol.
1901 – Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national male collegiate
fraternity is established at Richmond College, in Richmond,
VA.
1911 – The first dropping of a bomb from an airplane in combat,
during the Italo-Turkish War.
1914 – World War I: the first British Royal Navy defeat of the
war with Germany, the Battle of Coronel, is fought off of the
western coast of Chile, in the Pacific, with the loss of HMS
Good Hope and HMS Monmouth.
1915 – Parris Island is officially designated a US Marine Corps
Recruit Depot.
1916 – Paul Miliukov delivers in the State Duma the famous "stupidity
or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the Boris
Stürmer government.
1918 – Malbone Street Wreck: the worst rapid transit accident
in US history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street
and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least
93 deaths.
1918 – Western Ukraine gains its independence from the Austro-Hungarian
Empire.
1920 – American Fishing Schooner Esperanto defeats the Canadian
Fishing Schooner Delawana in the First International Fishing
Schooner Championship Races in Halifax.
1922 – The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, abdicates.
1928 – The Law on the Adoption and Implementation of the Turkish
Alphabet, replacing the version of the Arabic alphabet previously
used, comes into force in Turkey.
1937 – Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members
of Azerbaijan's Lutheran community.
1938 – Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during
a match race deemed "the match of the century" in
horse racing.
1939 – The first rabbit born after artificial insemination is
exhibited to the world.
1941 – American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of
a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would
become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.
1942 – Matanikau Offensive begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign
and ends on November 4.
1943 – World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, United States
Marines, the 3rd Marine Division, land on Bougainville in the
Solomon Islands.
1943 – World War II: In support of the landings on Bougainville,
U.S. aircraft carrier forces attack the huge Japanese base at
Rabaul.
1944 – World War II: Units of the British Army land at Walcheren
in the Netherlands.
1945 – The official North Korean newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, is
first published under the name Chongro.
1945 – Australia joins the United Nations.
1946 – The New York Knicks played against the Toronto Huskies
at the Maple Leaf Gardens, in the first Basketball Association
of America game. The Knicks would win 68–66.
1948 – Off southern Manchuria, 6,000 people are killed as a
Chinese merchant ship explodes and sinks.
1948 – Athenagoras I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
is enthroned.
1950 – Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar
Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman
at Blair House.
1950 – Pope Pius XII claims Papal Infallibility when he formally
defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.
1951 – Operation Buster-Jangle: 6,500 American soldiers are
exposed to 'Desert Rock' atomic explosions for training purposes
in Nevada. Participation is not voluntary.
1952 – Operation Ivy – The United States successfully detonates
the first large hydrogen bomb, codenamed "Mike" ["M"
for megaton], in the Eniwetok atoll, located in the Marshall
Islands in the central Pacific Ocean. The explosion had a yield
of 10 megatons.
1953 – Andhra Pradesh attained statehood on 1 November 1953,
with Kurnool as its capital.
1954 – The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots
of the Algerian War of Independence.
1955 – The bombing of United Airlines Flight 629 occurs near
Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and five crew
members aboard the Douglas DC-6B airliner.
1956 – The Indian states Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Mysore
state are formally created under the States Reorganisation Act.
1956 – In India, Kanyakumari district was joined to Tamilnadu
state from Kerala.
1957 – The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge
between anchorages at the time, opens to traffic connecting
Michigan's upper and lower peninsulas.
1959 – Montreal Canadiens goaltender Jacques Plante wears a
protective mask for the first time in an NHL game.
1959 – In Rwanda, Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa is beaten
up by Tutsi forces, leading to a period of violence known as
the wind of destruction.
1960 – While campaigning for President of the United States,
John F. Kennedy announces his idea of the Peace Corps.
1961 – 50,000 women in 60 cities participate in the inaugural
Women Strike for Peace (WSP) against nuclear proliferation.
1963 – The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, with
the largest radio telescope ever constructed, officially opens.
1966 – The New Orleans Saints football team is founded.
1968 – The Motion Picture Association of America's film rating
system is officially introduced, originating with the ratings
G, M, R, and X.
1970 – Club Cinq-Sept fire in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France
kills 146 young people.
1973 – Watergate Scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed as the
new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
1973 – The Indian state of Mysore is renamed as Karnataka to
represent all the regions within Karunadu.
1981 – Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United
Kingdom.
1982 – Honda becomes the first Asian automobile company to produce
cars in the United States with the opening of their factory
in Marysville, Ohio. The Honda Accord is the first car produced
there.
1993 – The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing
the European Union.
2000 – Serbia joins the United Nations.
Holidays
and observances
All Saints
Day, a Holy Day of Obligation in the Roman Catholic Church.
A holiday in Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Croatia,
Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy,
Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta (for schools only), Mauritius,
Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Seychelles,
Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
Andhra Pradesh Formation Day (Andhra Pradesh)
Christian Feast Day:
Austromoine
Benignus of Dijon
Caesarius of Africa
November 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Day of the Innocents, The first day of Day of the Dead or El
Dia de los Muertos celebration. (Mexico)
Day of the leaders of the Bulgarian National Revival (Bulgaria)
Haryana Foundation Day (Haryana)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Antigua and
Barbuda from the United Kingdom in 1981.
Karnataka Foundation Day (Karnataka)
Kerala Foundation Day (Kerala)
National day (Algeria)
The first day of Samhain, officially started at Samhain Eve,
at the sunset of October 31. (Gaels and Neopagans)
World Vegan Day (International)
For details, contact Datacentre
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