Independence
day
Slovakia Events
of the day
180 – Twelve inhabitants
of Scillium in North Africa are executed for
being Christians. This is the earliest record
of Christianity in that part of the world.
1203 – The Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople
by assault. The Byzantine emperor Alexius
III Angelus flees from his capital into exile.
1402 – Zhu Di, better known by his era name
as the Yongle Emperor, assumes the throne
over the Ming Dynasty of China.
1453 – Battle of Castillon: The last battle
of Hundred Years' War, the The French under
Jean Bureau defeat the English under the Earl
of Shrewsbury, who is killed in the battle
in Gascony.
1586 – A meeting takes place at Lüneburg between
several Protestant powers in order to discuss
the formation of an 'evangelical' league of
defence, called the 'Confederatio Militiae
Evangelicae', against the Catholic League.
1717 – King George I of Great Britain sails
down the River Thames with a barge of 50 musicians,
where George Frideric Handel's Water Music
is premiered.
1762 – Catherine II becomes tsar of Russia
upon the murder of Peter III of Russia.
1771 – Bloody Falls Massacre: Chipewyan chief
Matonabbee, travelling as the guide to Samuel
Hearne on his Arctic overland journey, massacres
a group of unsuspecting Inuit.
1791 – Members of the French National Guard
under the command of General Lafayette open
fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the
Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution,
killing as many as 50 people.
1794 – The sixteen Carmelite Martyrs of Compiegne
are executed 10 days prior to the end of the
French Revolution's Reign of Terror.
1856 – The Great Train Wreck of 1856 in Fort
Washington, Pennsylvania, kills over 60 people.
1867 – Harvard School of Dental Medicine was
established in Boston. It was the first dental
school in the U.S.
1899 – NEC Corporation is organized as the
first Japanese joint venture with foreign
capital.
1917 – King George V of the United Kingdom
issues a Proclamation stating that the male
line descendants of the British royal family
will bear the surname Windsor.
1918 – On the orders of the Bolshevik Party
carried out by Cheka, Tsar Nicholas II of
Russia and his immediate family and retainers
are murdered at the Ipatiev House in Ekaterinburg,
Russia.
1918 – The RMS Carpathia, the ship that rescued
the 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic, is
sunk off Ireland by the German SM U-55; 5
lives are lost.
1932 – Altona Bloody Sunday.
1933 – After successfully crossing the Atlantic
Ocean, the Lithuanian research aircraft Lituanica
crashes in Europe under mysterious circumstances.
1936 – Spanish Civil War: An Armed Forces
rebellion against the recently-elected leftist
Popular Front government of Spain starts the
civil war.
1938 – Douglas Corrigan takes off from Brooklyn
to fly the "wrong way" to Ireland
and becomes known as "Wrong Way"
Corrigan.
1944 – Port Chicago disaster: Near the San
Francisco Bay, two ships laden with ammunition
for the war explode in Port Chicago, California,
killing 320.
1944 – World War II: Napalm incendiary bombs
are dropped for the first time by American
P-38 pilots on a fuel depot at Coutances,
near St. LĂ´, France.
1948 – The South Korean constitution is proclaimed.
1955 – Disneyland is dedicated and opened
by Walt Disney in Anaheim, California.
1962 – Nuclear weapons testing: The "Small
Boy" test shot Little Feller I becomes
the last atmospheric test detonation at the
Nevada Test Site.
1968 – A revolution occurs in Iraq when Abdul
Rahman Arif is overthrown and the Ba'ath Party
is installed as the governing power in Iraq
with Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr as the new Iraqi
President.
1973 – King Mohammed Zahir Shah of Afghanistan
is deposed by his cousin Mohammed Daoud Khan
while in Italy undergoing eye surgery.
1975 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American
Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock
with each other in orbit marking the first
such link-up between spacecraft from the two
nations.
1976 – History of East Timor: East Timor is
annexed, and becomes the 27th province of
Indonesia.
1976 – The opening of the Summer Olympics
in Montreal is marred by 25 African teams
boycotting the New Zealand team.
1979 – Nicaraguan president General Anastasio
Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami,
Florida.
1981 – The opening of the Humber Bridge by
HM The Queen in England.
1981 – A structural failure leads to the collapse
of a walkway at the Hyatt Regency in Kansas
City, Missouri killing 114 people and injuring
more than 200.
1989 – First flight of the B-2 Spirit Stealth
Bomber.
1996 – TWA Flight 800: Off the coast of Long
Island, New York, a Paris-bound TWA Boeing
747 explodes, killing all 230 on board.
1998 – Papua New Guinea earthquake: A tsunami
triggered by an undersea earthquake destroys
10 villages in Papua New Guinea killing an
estimated 3,183, leaving 2,000 more unaccounted
for and thousands more homeless.
1998 – A diplomatic conference adopts the
Rome Statute of the International Criminal
Court, establishing a permanent international
court to prosecute individuals for genocide,
crime against humanity, war crimes, and the
crime of aggression.
2007 – TAM Airlines (TAM Linhas Aéreas) Flight
3054 crashes upon landing during rain in SĂŁo
Paulo. This is Brazil's deadliest aviation
accident to date with an estimated 199 deaths.
2009 – Jakarta double bombings at the JW Marriott
and Ritz-Carlton Hotels killed 9 people including
4 foreigners.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Alexius of Rome (Western Church)
Cynehelm
Cynllo
Jadwiga of Poland
Martyrs of Compiègne
Magnus Felix Ennodius
Marcellina
Piatus of Tournai
Romanov sainthood (Russian Orthodox Church)
Speratus and companions
July 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Constitution Day (South Korea)
Independence Day (Slovakia)
King's Birthday (Lesotho)
World Day for International Justice (International)
Yellow Pig's Day
Yama-boko JunkĹŤ of the Gion Matsuri (Kyoto,
Japan)
For details, contact Datacentre
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