September
23
Independence
Day
Saudi Arabia : 23 September 1932
Events
September 23
1122 – Pope
Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat
of Worms to put an end to the Investiture Controversy.
1338 – The Battle of Arnemuiden was the first naval battle of
the Hundred Years' war and the first naval battle using artillery,
as the English ship Christofer had three cannon and one hand
gun.
1409 – Battle of Kherlen, the second significant victory over
Ming China by the Mongols since 1368.
1459 – Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the
English Wars of the Roses, is fought at Blore Heath in Staffordshire.
1568 – Spanish naval forces rout an English fleet, under the
command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near
Veracruz.
1641 – The Merchant Royal, carrying a treasure worth over a
billion US dollars, is lost at sea off Land's End.
1642 – First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
1779 – American Revolution: John Paul Jones on board the USS
Bonhomme Richard wins the Battle of Flamborough Head.
1780 – American Revolution: British Major John André is arrested
as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's change
of sides.
1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War: Battle of Assaye between the
British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.
1806 – Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis after exploring the
Pacific Northwest of the United States.
1821 – Tripolitsa, Greece, falls and 30,000 Turks are massacred
during the Greek War of Independence.
1845 – The Knickerbockers Baseball Club, the first baseball
team to play under the modern rules, is founded in New York.
1846 – Astronomers Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier, John Couch
Adams and Johann Gottfried Galle collaborate on the discovery
of Neptune.
1868 – Grito de Lares ("Lares Revolt") occurs in Puerto
Rico against Spanish rule.
1889 – Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) is
founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce and market the playing
card game Hanafuda.
1905 – Norway and Sweden sign the "Karlstad treaty",
peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.
1908 – University of Alberta in Alberta, Canada, is founded.
1909 – The Phantom of the Opera (original title: Le Fantôme
de l'Opéra), a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux, is first
published as a serialization in Le Gaulois.
1932 – The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia.
1936 – First ascent of Siniolchu by a German team.
1938 – Mobilization of the Czechoslovak army in response to
the Munich Crisis.
1941 – World War II: The first gas chamber experiments are conducted
at Auschwitz.
1942 – World War II: The Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins
U.S. Marines attack Japanese unites along the Matanikau River.
1943 – World War II: The Nazi puppet state the Italian Social
Republic is founded.
1952 – Richard Nixon makes his "Checkers speech".
1959 – Iowa farmer and corn breeder Roswell Garst hosts Soviet
premier Nikita Khrushchev.
1959 – The MS Princess of Tasmania, Australia’s first passenger
roll-on/roll-off diesel ferry, makes her maiden voyage across
Bass Strait.
1962 – The Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts opens in New
York City.
1969 – The Chicago Eight trial opens in Chicago.
1972 – Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos announces over
television and radio the implementation of martial law.
1973 – Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
1983 – Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the United Nations.
1983 – Gerrie Coetzee of South Africa becomes the first African
boxing world heavyweight champion.
1983 – Gulf Air Flight 771 is bombed, killing all 117 people
on board.
1986 – Jim Deshaies of the Houston Astros sets the major-league
record by striking out the first eight batters of the game against
the Los Angeles Dodgers.
1988 – José Canseco of the Oakland Athletics becomes the first
member of the 40-40 club.
1992 – A large Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb destroys
forensic laboratories in Belfast.
1999 – Celebrate Bisexuality Day was first observed in the United
States.
1999 – NASA announces that it has lost contact with the Mars
Climate Orbiter.
2002 – The first public version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox
("Phoenix 0.1") is released.
2004 – Hurricane Jeanne: At least 1,070 in Haiti are reported
to have been killed by floods.
2008 – Kauhajoki school shooting: Matti Saari kills 10 people
before committing suicide.
Holidays
and observances
Autumnal
equinox related observances (see September 22):
Shūbun no Hi (Japan)
Celebrate Bisexuality Day (Bisexual community)
Christian Feast Day:
Adomnán
Padre Pio
Pope Linus
Sossius
Thecla (Roman Catholic Church)
September 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
Teacher's Day (Brunei Darussalam)
Holocaust Memorial Day (Lithuania)
National Day (Saudi Arabia)
Traditional New Year's Day in Constantinople and Eastern Orthodox
Churches; because of the birthday of Augustus, not because of
the equinox.
For details, contact Datacentre
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