Independence day
Algeria
Caboverde
Venezuela

Events of the day
1295 – Scotland and France form an alliance, the so-called "Auld Alliance", against England.
1316 – Battle of Manolada between the Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea
1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins.
1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
1809 – The Battle of Wagram, the largest of the Napoleonic Wars.
1811 – Venezuela declares independence from Spain.
1813 – War of 1812: three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa – American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
1830 – France invades Algeria.
1833 – Admiral Charles Napier defeats the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
1865 – The Salvation Army is founded in the East End of London, England.
1878 – The coat of arms of the Baku governorate is established.
1884 – Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
1934 – "Bloody Thursday" – Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
1935 – The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1937 – Spam, the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
1940 – World War II: the United Kingdom and the Vichy France government break off diplomatic relations.
1941 – World War II: German troops reach the Dnieper River.
1943 – World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the Soviet Union at the Battle of Kursk. Also know as Operation Citadel
1945 – World War II: Liberation of the Philippines declared.
1947 – Larry Doby signs a contract with the Cleveland Indians baseball team, becoming the first black player in the American League. (Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers in the National League 11 weeks earlier.)
1948 – National Health Service Acts created the national public health systems in the United Kingdom
1950 – Korean War: Task Force Smith – First clash between American and North Korean forces in the Battle of Osan.
1950 – Zionism: the Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
1951 – William Shockley invents the junction transistor.
1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
1954 – The Andhra Pradesh High Court is established.
1962 – Algeria becomes independent from France.
1962 – The Late Late Show, the world's longest-running chat show by the same broadcaster, airs on RTÉ One for the first time.
1970 – Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near Toronto International Airport killing 109 people.
1971 – Right to vote: the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
1973 – Catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane is being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills 11 firefighters.
1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
1977 – Military coup in Pakistan: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, is overthrown.
1987 – First instance of the LTTE using suicide attacks on Sri Lankan Army. The Black Tigers are born, and in the following years continue to use the tactic to deadly effect.
1989 – Iran-Contra Affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions are later overturned.
1995 – Armenia adopts its constitution, four years after their independence from the Soviet Union.
1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
1998 – Japan launches a probe to Mars, and thus joins the United States and Russia as a space exploring nation.
1999 – Wolverhampton, England is hit by storms which include a tornado. The area is hit again with severe storms on August 1.
1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
2004 – The first Indonesian presidential election is held.
2006 – North Korea launches at least two short-range Nodong-2 missiles, one SCUD missile and one long-range Taepodong-2 missile.
2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.
2009 – Roger Federer wins a record 15th Grand Slam title in tennis, winning a five set match against Andy Roddick at Wimbledon.
2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, in Staffordshire, England.

Holidays and observances

Bloody Thursday (International Longshore and Warehouse Union)
Christian Feast Day:
Anthony Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
Zoe of Rome (Roman Catholic Church)
July 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
X-Day (Church of the SubGenius)
Constitution Day (Armenia)
Independence Day, celebrate the independence of Algeria from France in 1962.
Independence Day, celebrate the independence of Cape Verde from Portugal in 1975.
Independence Day, celebrate the independence of Venezuela from Spain in 1811.
Saints Cyril and Methodius Day (Czech Republic, Slovakia)
Tynwald Day, if July 5 is on a weekend, the holiday is the following Monday. (Isle of Man)
Emancipation Day, celebrate the emancipation of enslaved Africans in New York City in 1827.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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