Independence
day
Algeria
Caboverde
Venezuela
Events
of the day
1295 – Scotland and France
form an alliance, the so-called "Auld
Alliance", against England.
1316 – Battle of Manolada between the Burgundian
and Majorcan claimants of the Principality
of Achaea
1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with
39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ
Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the
Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins.
1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts
the Olive Branch Petition.
1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg leads
to the French occupation of Hanover (which
had been ruled by the British king).
1809 – The Battle of Wagram, the largest
of the Napoleonic Wars.
1811 – Venezuela declares independence from
Spain.
1813 – War of 1812: three weeks of British
raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and
Plattsburgh, New York begin.
1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa –
American Major General Jacob Brown defeats
British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa,
Ontario.
1830 – France invades Algeria.
1833 – Admiral Charles Napier defeats the
navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel
at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
1865 – The Salvation Army is founded in
the East End of London, England.
1878 – The coat of arms of the Baku governorate
is established.
1884 – Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
1934 – "Bloody Thursday" – Police
open fire on striking longshoremen in San
Francisco.
1935 – The National Labor Relations Act,
which governs labor relations in the United
States, is signed into law by President
Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1937 – Spam, the luncheon meat, is introduced
into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
1940 – World War II: the United Kingdom
and the Vichy France government break off
diplomatic relations.
1941 – World War II: German troops reach
the Dnieper River.
1943 – World War II: An Allied invasion
fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky,
July 10, 1943).
1943 – World War II: German forces begin
a massive offensive against the Soviet Union
at the Battle of Kursk. Also know as Operation
Citadel
1945 – World War II: Liberation of the Philippines
declared.
1947 – Larry Doby signs a contract with
the Cleveland Indians baseball team, becoming
the first black player in the American League.
(Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier
with the Brooklyn Dodgers in the National
League 11 weeks earlier.)
1948 – National Health Service Acts created
the national public health systems in the
United Kingdom
1950 – Korean War: Task Force Smith – First
clash between American and North Korean
forces in the Battle of Osan.
1950 – Zionism: the Knesset passes the Law
of Return which grants all Jews the right
to immigrate to Israel.
1951 – William Shockley invents the junction
transistor.
1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first television
news bulletin.
1954 – The Andhra Pradesh High Court is
established.
1962 – Algeria becomes independent from
France.
1962 – The Late Late Show, the world's longest-running
chat show by the same broadcaster, airs
on RTÉ One for the first time.
1970 – Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near
Toronto International Airport killing 109
people.
1971 – Right to vote: the Twenty-sixth Amendment
to the United States Constitution, lowering
the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally
certified by President Richard Nixon.
1973 – Catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid
Expanding Vapor Explosion) in Kingman, Arizona,
following a fire that broke out as propane
is being transferred from a railroad car
to a storage tank, kills 11 firefighters.
1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black
man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence
from Portugal.
1977 – Military coup in Pakistan: Zulfiqar
Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister
of Pakistan, is overthrown.
1987 – First instance of the LTTE using
suicide attacks on Sri Lankan Army. The
Black Tigers are born, and in the following
years continue to use the tactic to deadly
effect.
1989 – Iran-Contra Affair: Oliver North
is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard
A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison
term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines
and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions
are later overturned.
1995 – Armenia adopts its constitution,
four years after their independence from
the Soviet Union.
1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first
mammal cloned from an adult cell.
1998 – Japan launches a probe to Mars, and
thus joins the United States and Russia
as a space exploring nation.
1999 – Wolverhampton, England is hit by
storms which include a tornado. The area
is hit again with severe storms on August
1.
1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes
trade and economic sanctions against the
Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
2004 – The first Indonesian presidential
election is held.
2006 – North Korea launches at least two
short-range Nodong-2 missiles, one SCUD
missile and one long-range Taepodong-2 missile.
2009 – A series of violent riots break out
in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.
2009 – Roger Federer wins a record 15th
Grand Slam title in tennis, winning a five
set match against Andy Roddick at Wimbledon.
2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon
gold ever discovered, consisting of more
than 1,500 items, is found near the village
of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, in Staffordshire,
England.
Holidays
and observances
Bloody
Thursday (International Longshore and Warehouse
Union)
Christian Feast Day:
Anthony Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
Zoe of Rome (Roman Catholic Church)
July 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
X-Day (Church of the SubGenius)
Constitution Day (Armenia)
Independence Day, celebrate the independence
of Algeria from France in 1962.
Independence Day, celebrate the independence
of Cape Verde from Portugal in 1975.
Independence Day, celebrate the independence
of Venezuela from Spain in 1811.
Saints Cyril and Methodius Day (Czech Republic,
Slovakia)
Tynwald Day, if July 5 is on a weekend,
the holiday is the following Monday. (Isle
of Man)
Emancipation Day, celebrate the emancipation
of enslaved Africans in New York City in
1827.
For details, contact Datacentre