September
3
Independence
Day
Qatar : 3 September 1971
San Marino : 3 September 301
Events
September
3
36 BC –
In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral
of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius, son of Pompey, thus ending
Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate.
301 – San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and
the world's oldest republic still in existence, is founded by
Saint Marinus.
590 – Consecration of Pope Gregory I (Gregory the Great).
863 – Major Byzantine victory at the Battle of Lalakaon against
an Arab raid.
1189 – Richard I of England (a.k.a. Richard "the Lionheart")
is crowned at Westminster.
1260 – The Mamluks defeat the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut
in Palestine, marking their first decisive defeat and the point
of maximum expansion of the Mongol Empire.
1650 – Third English Civil War: in the Battle of Dunbar, English
Parliamentarian forces led by Oliver Cromwell defeat an army
loyal to King Charles II of England and led by David Leslie,
Lord Newark.
1651 – Third English Civil War: Battle of Worcester – Charles
II of England is defeated in the last main battle of the war.
1658 – Richard Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England
1666 – The Royal Exchange burns down in the Great Fire of London
1777 – American Revolutionary War: during the Battle of Cooch's
Bridge, the Flag of the United States is flown in battle for
the first time.
1783 – American Revolutionary War: the war ends with the signing
of the Treaty of Paris by the United States and the Kingdom
of Great Britain.
1798 – The week long battle of St. George's Caye begins between
Spain and Britain off the coast of Belize.
1802 – William Wordsworth composes the sonnet Composed upon
Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802.
1803 – English scientist John Dalton begins using symbols to
represent the atoms of different elements.
1812 – 24 settlers are killed in the Pigeon Roost Massacre in
Indiana.
1838 – Future abolitionist Frederick Douglass escapes from slavery.
1855 – Indian Wars: in Nebraska, 700 soldiers under United States
General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan Massacre by attacking
a Sioux village and killing 100 men, women and children.
1861 – American Civil War: Confederate General Leonidas Polk
invades neutral Kentucky, prompting the state legislature to
ask for Union assistance.
1870 – Franco-Prussian War: the Siege of Metz begins, resulting
in a decisive Prussian victory on October 23.
1874 – The congress of the state of México elevates Naucalpan
to the category of Villa, with the title of "Villa de Juárez".
1875 – The first official game of Polo is played in Argentina
after being introduced by British Ranchers.
1878 – Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess
Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
1914 – William, Prince of Albania leaves the country after just
six months due to opposition to his rule.
1925 – USS Shenandoah (ZR-1), the United States' first American-built
rigid airship, was destroyed in a squall line over Noble County,
Ohio. Fourteen of her 42-man crew perished, including her commander,
Zachary Lansdowne.
1933 – Yevgeniy Abalakov is the first man to reach the highest
point in the Soviet Union, Communism Peak (now called Ismoil
Somoni Peak and situated in Tajikistan) (7495 m).
1935 – Sir Malcolm Campbell reaches a speed of 304.331 miles
per hour on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, becoming the
first person to drive an automobile over 300 mph
1939 – World War II: France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand
and Australia declare war on Germany after the invasion of Poland,
forming the Allies.
1941 – The Holocaust: Karl Fritzsch, deputy camp commandant
of the Auschwitz concentration camp, experiments with the use
of Zyklon B in the gassing of Soviet POWs.
1942 – World War II: In response to news of its coming liquidation,
Dov Lopatyn leads an uprising in the Ghetto of Lakhva, in present-day
Belarus.
1943 – World War II: The Allied invasion of Italy begins.
1944 – Holocaust: diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed
on the last transport train from the Westerbork transit camp
to the Auschwitz concentration camp, arriving three days later.
1945 – Three-day celebration was held in China, following the
Victory over Japan Day on September 2.
1950 – "Nino" Farina becomes the first Formula One
Drivers' champion after winning the 1950 Italian Grand Prix.
1951 – The first long-running American television soap opera,
Search for Tomorrow, airs its first episode on the CBS network.
1954 – The People's Liberation Army begins shelling the Republic
of China-controlled islands of Quemoy, starting the First Taiwan
Strait Crisis.
1954 – The German U-Boat U-505 begins its move from a specially
constructed dock to its final site at Chicago's Museum of Science
and Industry.
1967 – Dagen H in Sweden: traffic changes from driving on the
left to driving on the right overnight.
1971 – Qatar becomes an independent state
1976 – Viking program: The American Viking 2 spacecraft lands
at Utopia Planitia on Mars.
1987 – In a coup d'état in Burundi, President Jean-Baptiste
Bagaza is deposed by Major Pierre Buyoya.
1994 – Sino-Soviet Split: Russia and the People's Republic of
China agree to de-target their nuclear weapons against each
other.
1997 – Vietnam Airlines Flight 815 (Tupolev TU-134) crashes
on approach into Phnom Penh airport, killing 64.
1999 – An 87-automobile pile-up happens on Highway 401 freeway
just East of Windsor, Ontario, Canada after an unusually thick
fog from Lake St. Clair.
2004 – Beslan school hostage crisis – day 3: the Beslan hostage
crisis ends with the deaths of over 300 people, more than half
of which are children.
Holidays
and observances
China's
victory over Japan commemoration related observances:
Armed Forces Day (Republic of China)
V-J Day (People's Republic of China)
Christian Feast Day:
Marinus
Pope Gregory I
Remaclus
September 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Feast of San Marino and the Republic, celebrates the foundation
of the Republic of San Marino in 301.
Flag Day (Australia)
Independence Day, celebrates the second independence of Qatar
from Great Britain in 1971.
Levy Mwanawasa Day (Zambia)
Memorial Day (Tunisia)
Merchant Navy Remembrance Day (Canada)
For details, contact Datacentre
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