July
2
International
Day of Co-operatives
The United Nations' (UN) International Day of Cooperatives is
observed on the first Saturday of July each year. Some of the
day's goals are to increase awareness on cooperatives, as well
as strengthen and extend partnerships between the international
cooperative movement and other supporting organizations including
governments.
Cooperatives
around the world celebrate the International Day of Cooperatives
in many ways. Activities include: messages from the International
Cooperative Alliance (ICA) and the UN translated into local
languages for worldwide distribution; news articles and radio
programs publicizing the awareness of the day; fairs, exhibits,
contests and campaigns focused on the topics related to the
day; meetings with government officials, UN agencies and other
partner organizations; economic, environmental, social and health
challenges (such as tree planting); and sponsored cultural events
such as theatres and concerts.
Events
July 2
437 – Emperor
Valentinian III, begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire.
His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to
exercise political influence at the court in Rome.
626 – Li Shimin, the future Emperor Taizong of Tang, Emperor
of China, ambushes and kills his rival brothers Li Yuanji and
Li Jiancheng in the Xuanwu Gate Incident.
706 – In China, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang inters the bodies
of relatives in the Qianling Mausoleum, located on Mount Liang
outside Chang'an.
963 – The imperial army proclaims Nicephorus Phocas Emperor
of the Romans on the plains outside Cappadocian Caesarea.
1298 – The Battle of Göllheim is fought between Albert I of
Habsburg and Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg.
1494 – The Treaty of Tordesillas is ratified by Spain.
1555 – The Ottoman Admiral Turgut Reis sacks the Italian city
of Paola.
1561 – Menas, Emperor of Ethiopia, defeats a revolt in Emfraz.
1582 – Battle of Yamazaki: Toyotomi Hideyoshi defeats Akechi
Mitsuhide.
1613 – The first English expedition from Massachusetts against
Acadia led by Samuel Argall takes place.
1644 – English Civil War: Battle of Marston Moor.
1679 – Europeans first visit Minnesota and see headwaters of
Mississippi in an expedition led by Daniel Greysolon de Du Luth.
1698 – Thomas Savery patents the first steam engine.
1776 – The Continental Congress adopts a resolution severing
ties with the Kingdom of Great Britain although the wording
of the formal Declaration of Independence is not approved until
July 4.
1777 – Vermont becomes the first American territory to abolish
slavery.
1823 – Bahia Independence Day: the end of Portuguese rule in
Brazil, with the final defeat of the Portuguese crown loyalists
in the province of Bahia.
1839 – Twenty miles off the coast of Cuba, 53 rebelling African
slaves led by Joseph Cinqué take over the slave ship Amistad.
1853 – The Russian Army crossed the Pruth river into the Danubian
Principalities, Moldavia and Wallachia—providing the spark that
set off the Crimean War.
1871 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy enters Rome after having
conquered it from the Papal States.
1881 – Charles J. Guiteau shoots and fatally wounds U.S. President
James Garfield, who eventually dies from an infection on September
19.
1890 – The U.S. Congress passes the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
1897 – Italian scientist Guglielmo Marconi obtains a patent
for radio in London.
1900 – The first Zeppelin flight takes place on Lake Constance
near Friedrichshafen, Germany.
1917 – The East St. Louis Riots end.
1934 – The Night of the Long Knives ends with the death of Ernst
Röhm.
1937 – Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan are last heard
from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first
equatorial round-the-world flight.
1940 – Indian independence leader Subhas Chandra Bose is arrested
and detained in Calcutta.
1950 – The Golden Pavilion at Kinkaku-ji in Kyoto, Japan burns
down.
1962 – The first Wal-Mart store opens for business in Rogers,
Arkansas.
1964 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights
Act of 1964 meant to prohibit segregation in public places.
1966 – The French military explodes a nuclear test bomb codenamed
Aldébaran in Mururoa, their first nuclear test in the Pacific.
1976 – Fall of the Republic of Vietnam; Communist North Vietnam
declares their union to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
1986 – Rodrigo Rojas and Carmen Gloria Quintana where burnt
alive during a street demonstration against the dictatorship
of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile.
1993 – 37 participants in an Alevi cultural and literary festival
are killed when a mob of demonstrators set fire to their hotel
in Sivas during a violent protest.
2000 – Vicente Fox Quesada is elected the first President of
México from an opposition party, the Partido Acción Nacional,
after more than 70 years of continuous rule by the Partido Revolucionario
Institucional.
2001 – The AbioCor self contained artificial heart is first
implanted.
2002 – Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly solo around
the world nonstop in a balloon.
2010 – The South Kivu tank truck explosion in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo kills at least 230 people.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Aberoh and Atom (Coptic Church)
Feast of the Visitation at Mariánska hora. (Levoča)
Monegundis
Otto of Bamberg
Oudoceus
Processus and Martinianus
July 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
World UFO Day
Flag Day (Curaçao)
Independence Day (Bahia)
Palio di Provenzano (Siena)
For details, contact Datacentre
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