October
14
October
14 : World Standards Day
World
Standards Day is celebrated internationally each year on 14
October. The day honours the efforts of the thousands of experts
who develop voluntary standards within standards development
organizations such as the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC), International Organization for Standardization (ISO),
International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). The aim of World Standards Day is to raise
awareness among regulators, industry and consumers as to the
importance of standardization to the global economy.
14 October
was specifically chosen to mark the date, in 1946, when delegates
from 25 countries first gathered in London and decided to create
an international organization focused on facilitating standardization.
Even though ISO was formed one year later, it wasn't until 1970
that the first World Standards Day was celebrated.
Events
222
– Pope Callixtus I is killed by a mob in Rome's Trastevere after
a 5-year reign in which he had stabilized the Saturday fast
three times per year, with no food, oil, or wine to be consumed
on those days. Callixtus is succeeded by cardinal Urban I.
1066 – Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings – In England on Senlac
Hill, seven miles from Hastings, the Norman forces of William
the Conqueror defeat the English army and kill King Harold II
of England.
1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of
England at Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's independence.
1465 – Wallachian voivode Radu cel Frumos, younger brother of
Vlad Ţepeş, issues a writ from his residence in Bucharest
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar
this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal
and Spain.
1586 – Mary, Queen of Scots, goes on trial for conspiracy against
Elizabeth I of England.
1656 – Massachusetts enacts the first punitive legislation against
the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). The marriage of
church-and-state in Puritanism makes them regard the Quakers
as spiritually apostate and politically subversive.
1758 – Seven Years' War: Austria defeats Prussia at the Battle
of Hochkirk.
1773 – The first recorded Ministry of Education, the Komisja
Edukacji Narodowej (Polish for Commission of National Education),
is formed in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1773 – Just before the beginning of the American Revolutionary
War, several of the British East India Company's tea ships are
set ablaze at the old seaport of Annapolis, Maryland.
1805 – Battle of Elchingen, France defeats Austria.
1806 – Battle of Jena-Auerstädt France defeats Prussia.
1808 – The Republic of Ragusa is annexed by France.
1812 – Work on London's Regent's Canal starts.
1840 – The Maronite leader Bashir II surrenders to the British
Army and then is sent into exile on the islands of Malta.
1843 – The British arrest the Irish nationalist Daniel O'Connell
for conspiracy to commit crimes.
1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Bristoe Station – Confederate
troops under the command of General Robert E. Lee fail to drive
the American Union Army completely out of the Commonwealth of
Virginia.
1867 – The 15th and the last military Shogun of the Tokugawa
shogunate resigns in Japan, returning his power to the Emperor
of Japan and thence to the re-established civil government of
Japan
1882 – University of the Punjab is founded in a part of India
that later became West Pakistan.
1884 – The American inventor, George Eastman, receives a U.S.
Government patent on his new paper-strip photographic film.
1888 – Louis Le Prince films first motion picture: Roundhay
Garden Scene.
1898 – The steamer ship SS Mohegan sinks after impacting the
Manacles near Cornwall, United Kingdom, killing 106.
1908 – The Chicago Cubs defeat the Detroit Tigers, 2-0, clinching
the World Series. It would be their last one to date.
1910 – The English aviator Claude Grahame-White lands his Farman
Aircraft biplane on Executive Avenue near the White House in
Washington, D.C..
1912 – While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the former
President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, is shot
and mildly wounded by John Schrank, a mentally-disturbed saloon
keeper. With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still
within it, Mr. Roosevelt still carries out his scheduled public
speech.
1913 – Senghenydd Colliery Disaster, the United Kingdom's worst
coal mining accident, occurs, and it claims the lives of 439
miners.
1920 – Part of Petsamo Province is ceded by the Soviet Union
to Finland.
1925 – An Anti-French uprising in French-occupied Damascus,
Syria. (All French inhabitants flee the city.)
1926 – The children's book Winnie-the-Pooh, by A. A. Milne,
is first published.
1933 – Nazi Germany withdraws from The League of Nations.
1938 – The first flight of the Curtiss Aircraft Company's P-40
Warhawk fighter plane.
1939 – The German submarine U-47 sinks the British battleship
HMS Royal Oak within her harbour at Scapa Flow, Scotland.
1940 – Balham subway station disaster, in London, England, occurs
during the Nazi Luftwaffe air raids on Great Britain.
1943 – Prisoners at the Nazi German Sobibor extermination camp
in Poland revolt against the Germans, killing eleven SS guards,
and wounding many more. About 300 of the Sobibor Camp's 600
prisoners escape, and about 50 of these survive the end of the
war.
1943 – The American Eighth Air Force loses 60 B-17 Flying Fortress
heavy bombers in aerial combat during the second mass-daylight
air raid on the Schweinfurt ball-bearing factories in western
Nazi Germany.
1943 – José P. Laurel takes the oath of office as President
of the Philippines (Second Philippine Republic).
1944 – Athens, Greece, is liberated by British Army troops entering
the city as the Wehrmacht pulls out during World War II. This
clears the way for the Greek government-in-exile to return to
its historic capital city, with George Papandreou, Sr., as the
head-of-government.
1947 – Captain Chuck Yeager of the U.S. Air Force flies a Bell
X-1 rocket-powered experimental aircraft, the Glamorous Glennis,
faster than the speed of sound - over the high desert of Southern
California - and becomes the first pilot and the first airplane
to do so in level flight.
1949 – Eleven leaders of the American Communist Party are convicted,
after a nine-month trial in a Federal District Court, of conspiring
to advocate the violent overthrow of the U.S. Federal Government.
1949 – Chinese Civil War: Chinese Communist forces occupy the
city of Guangzhou (Canton), in Guangdong, China.
1952 – Korean War: United Nations and South Korean forces launch
Operation Showdown against Chinese strongholds at the Iron Triangle.
The resulting Battle of Triangle Hill is the biggest and bloodiest
battle of 1952.
1956 – Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the Indian Untouchable caste leader,
converts to Buddhism along with 385,000 of his followers (see
Neo-Buddhism).
1957 – Queen Elizabeth II becomes the first Canadian Monarch
to open up an annual session of the Canadian Parliament, presenting
her Speech from the Throne in Ottawa, Canada.
1958 – The American Atomic Energy Commission, with supporting
military units, carries out an underground nuclear weapon test
at the Nevada Test Site, just north of Las Vegas, Nevada.
1958 – The District of Columbia's Bar Association votes to accept
African-Americans as member attorneys.
1962 – The Cuban Missile Crisis begins: A U.S. Air Force U-2
reconnaissance plane and its pilot fly over the island of Cuba
and take photographs of Soviet missiles capable of carrying
nuclear warheads being installed and erected in Cuba.
1964 – Leonid Brezhnev becomes the General Secretary of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and thereby, along with
his allies - such as Alexei Kosygin - the leader of the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), ousting the former monolithic
leader Nikita Khrushchev, and sending him into retirement as
a nonperson in the USSR.
1966 – The city of Montreal, Quebec, begins the operation of
its underground Montreal Metro rapid-transit system.
1967 – The Vietnam War: The folk singer Joan Baez is arrested
concerning a physical blockade of the U.S. Army's induction
center in Oakland, California.
1968 – Vietnam War: 27 soldiers are arrested at the Presidio
of San Francisco in California for their peaceful protest of
stockade conditions and the Vietnam War.
1968 – Vietnam War: The United States Department of Defense
announces that the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps will send
about 24,000 soldiers and Marines back to Vietnam for involuntary
second tours of duty in the combat zone there.
1968 – The first live telecast from a manned spacecraft, the
Apollo 7, launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
of the U.S.A.
1968 – An earthquake rated at 6.8 on the Richter Scale destroys
the Australian town of Meckering, Western Australia, and it
also ruptures all nearby main highways and railroads.
1968 – Jim Hines of the United States of America becomes the
first man ever to break the so-called "ten-second barrier"
in the 100-meter sprint in the Summer Olympic Games held in
Mexico City with a time of 9.95 seconds.
1969 – The United Kingdom introduces the British fifty-pence
coin, which replaces, over the following years, the British
ten-shilling note, in anticipation of the decimalization of
the British currency in 1971, and the abolition of the shilling
as a unit of currency anywhere in the world.
1973 – In the Thammasat student uprising over 100,000 people
protest in Thailand against the Thanom military government;
77 are killed and 857 are injured by soldiers.
1979 – The first Gay Rights March on Washington, D.C., the National
March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, demands "an
end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression
of lesbian and gay people", and draws 200,000 people.
1981 – Citing official misconduct in the investigation and trial,
Amnesty International charges the U.S. Federal Government with
holding Richard Marshall[disambiguation needed ] of the American
Indian Movement as a political prisoner.
1981 – Vice President Hosni Mubarak is elected as the President
of Egypt one week after the assassination of the President of
Egypt, Anwar Sadat.
1982 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan proclaims a War on Drugs.
1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada, is overthrown
and later executed in a military coup d'état led by Bernard
Coard.
1994 – The Palestinian leader, Yasser Arafat, The Prime Minister
of Israel, Yitzhak Rabin, and the Foreign Minister of Israel,
Shimon Peres, receive the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in
the establishment of the Oslo Accords and the framing of the
future Palestinian Self Government.
1998 – Eric Robert Rudolph is charged with six bombings including
the 1996 Centennial Olympic Park bombing in Atlanta, Georgia.
2003 – Chicago Cubs fan Steve Bartman becomes infamously known
as the scapegoat for the Cubs losing game 6 of the 2003 National
League Championship Series to the Florida Marlins. This has
become known as the Steve Bartman incident.
2006 – College football brawl between University of Miami and
Florida International University leads to suspensions of 31
players of both teams.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Angadrisma
Fortunatus of Todi
Pope Callistus I
October 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Day of the Cathedral of Living Pillar (Georgian Orthodox Church)
Mother's Day (Belarus)
National Education Day, formerly Teachers' Day (Poland)
Nyerere Day (Tanzania)
World Standards Day (International)
For details, contact Datacentre
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