Independence
day
Angola
Poland Events
of the day
308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor
emeritus Diocletian confers with Galerius, Augustus
of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned
former Augustus of the West, in an attempt to
restore order to the Roman Empire.
1215 – The Fourth Lateran Council meets, defining
the doctrine of transubstantiation, the process
by which bread and wine are, by that doctrine,
said to transform into the body and blood of
Christ.
1500 – Treaty of Granada – Louis XII of France
and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the
Kingdom of Naples between them.
1620 – The Mayflower Compact is signed in what
is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod.
1634 – Following pressure from Anglican bishop
John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes
An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery.
1673 – Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine: Polish-Lithuanian
Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan
Sobieski defeat the Ottoman army. In this battle,
rockets made by Kazimierz Siemienowicz are successfully
used.
1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrates integral
calculus for the first time to find the area
under the graph of y = ƒ(x).
1724 – Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman
known for attacking "Thief-Taker General"
(and thief) Jonathan Wild at the Old Bailey,
is hanged in London.
1750 – riots break out in Lhasa after the murder
of the Tibetan regent.
1750 – The F.H.C. Society, also known as the
Flat Hat Club, is formed at Raleigh Tavern,
Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the first college
fraternity.
1778 – Cherry Valley Massacre: Loyalists and
Seneca Indian forces attack a fort and village
in eastern New York during the American Revolutionary
War, killing more than forty civilians and soldiers.
1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Dürenstein
– 8000 French troops attempt to slow the retreat
of a vastly superior Russian and Austrian force.
1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm
– British and Canadian forces defeat a larger
American force, causing the Americans to abandon
their Saint Lawrence campaign.
1831 – In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is
hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising.
1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded
in Lexington, Virginia.
1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to
the Sea – Union General William Tecumseh Sherman
begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground
in preparation for his march south.
1865 – Treaty of Sinchula is signed by which
Bhutan cedes the areas east of the Teesta River
to the British East India Company.
1869 – The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act
is enacted in Australia, giving the government
control of indigenous people's wages, their
terms of employment, where they could live,
and of their children, effectively leading to
the Stolen Generations.
1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged
at Melbourne Gaol.
1887 – Anarchist Haymarket Martyrs August Spies,
Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer and George Engel
are executed.
1887 – Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal
begins at Eastham.
1889 – The State of Washington is admitted as
the 42nd State of the United States.
1911 – Many cities in the Midwestern United
States break their record highs and lows on
the same day as a strong cold front rolls through.
1918 – World War I: Germany signs an armistice
agreement with the Allies in a railroad car
in the forest of Compiègne, France. The fighting
officially ends at 11:00 a.m., (the eleventh
hour in the eleventh month on the eleventh day)
and this is annually honoured with a two-minute
silence. The war officially ends on the signing
of the Treaty of Versailles on 28th June, 1919.
1918 – Józef Piłsudski assumes supreme military
power in Poland - symbolic first day of Polish
independence.
1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquishes
power.
1919 – The Centralia Massacre in Centralia,
Washington results the deaths of four members
of the American Legion and the lynching of a
local leader of the Industrial Workers of the
World.
1919 – Lāčplēša day – Latvian forces defeat
the Freikorps at Riga in the Latvian War of
Independence.
1921 – The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated
by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington
National Cemetery.
1924 – Prime Minister Alexandros Papanastasiou
proclaims the first recognized Greek Republic.
1926 – U.S. Route 66 is established.
1930 – Patent number US1781541 is awarded to
Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention,
the Einstein refrigerator.
1934 – The Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne,
Australia is opened.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Taranto – The
Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier
strike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
1940 – The German cruiser Atlantis captures
top secret British mail, and sends it to Japan.
1940 – Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected
blizzard kills 144 in the U.S. Midwest.
1942 – World War II: Nazi Germany completes
its occupation of France.
1942 – World War II: The Second Battle of El
Alamein is won by the British in El Alamein,
Egypt.
1944 – Dr. jur. Erich Göstl, a member of the
Waffen SS, is presented with the Knight's Cross
of the Iron Cross, to recognise extreme battlefield
bravery, after losing his face and eyes during
the Battle of Normandy.
1960 – A military coup against President Ngo
Dinh Diem of South Vietnam is crushed.
1961 – thirteen Italian Air Force servicemen,
deployed to the Congo as a part of the UN peacekeeping
force are massacred by a mob in the course of
the Kindu atrocity.
1962 – Kuwait's National Assembly ratifies the
Constitution of Kuwait.
1965 – In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the
white-minority government of Ian Smith unilaterally
declares independence.
1966 – NASA launches Gemini 12.
1967 – Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony
in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners
of war are released by the Viet Cong and turned
over to "new left" antiwar activist
Tom Hayden.
1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt
initiated. The goal is to interdict men and
supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, through Laos
into South Vietnam.
1968 – A second republic is declared in the
Maldives.
1972 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The United
States Army turns over the massive Long Binh
military base to South Vietnam.
1975 – Australian constitutional crisis of 1975:
Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses
the government of Gough Whitlam, appoints Malcolm
Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister and announces
a general election to be held in early December.
1975 – Independence of Angola.
1981 – Antigua and Barbuda joins the United
Nations.
1992 – The General Synod of the Church of England
votes to allow women to become priests.
1993 – A sculpture honoring women who served
in the Vietnam War is dedicated at the Vietnam
Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.
1999 – The House of Lords Act is given Royal
Assent, restricting membership of the British
House of Lords by virtue of a hereditary peerage.
2000 – Kaprun disaster: 155 skiers and snowboarders
die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine
tunnel in Kaprun, Austria.
2001 – Journalists Pierre Billaud, Johanne Sutton
and Volker Handloik are killed in Afghanistan
during an attack on the convoy they are traveling
in.
2004 – New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior
is dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington.
2004 – The Palestine Liberation Organization
confirms the death of Yasser Arafat from unidentified
causes. Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of
the PLO minutes later.
2006 – Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II unveils
the New Zealand War Memorial in London, United
Kingdom, commemorating the loss of soldiers
from the New Zealand Army and the British Army.
2008 – RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) sets sail
on her final voyage to Dubai.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Bartholomew of Grottaferrata (Roman Catholic
Church)
Martin of Tours (Roman Catholic Church)
St. Martin's Day
Menas
Søren Kierkegaard (Lutheran Church)
Theodore the Studite
November 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
End of World War I related observances:
Armistice Day (New Zealand, France and Belgium)
Independence Day, commemorates the anniversary
of Poland's assumption of independent statehood
in 1918 (Poland)
Remembrance Day (United Kingdom and the Commonwealth
of Nations, including Australia and Canada)
Veterans Day, called Armistice Day until 1954,
when the holiday was rededicated to be in honor
all American military, naval, and Air Force,
veterans. (United States)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence
of Angola from Portugal in 1975.
Lāčplēsis Day (Latvia)
Opening of carnival ("Karneval"/"Fasching"),
on 11-11, at 11:11. (Germany, the Netherlands,
and other countries)
Pocky Day and Pretz Day (Japan)
Pepero Day (South Korea)
Republic Day (Maldives)
Singles Day (China)
Women's Day (Belgium)
For details, contact Datacentre
|