November
11
Independence
Day
Angola : November 11 1975
Poland : November 11 1918
November
11
Angola
Independence from Portugal in 1975
Events
308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor emeritus Diocletian confers with
Galerius, Augustus of the East, and Maximianus, the recently
returned former Augustus of the West, in an attempt to restore
order to the Roman Empire.
1215 – The Fourth Lateran Council meets, defining the doctrine
of transubstantiation, the process by which bread and wine are,
by that doctrine, said to transform into the body and blood
of Christ.
1500 – Treaty of Granada – Louis XII of France and Ferdinand
II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.
1620 – The Mayflower Compact is signed in what is now Provincetown
Harbor near Cape Cod.
1634 – Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton,
the Irish House of Commons passes An Act for the Punishment
for the Vice of Buggery.
1673 – Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine: Polish-Lithuanian
Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan Sobieski defeat
the Ottoman army. In this battle, rockets made by Kazimierz
Siemienowicz are successfully used.
1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrates integral calculus for
the first time to find the area under the graph of y = ƒ(x).
1724 – Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman known for
attacking "Thief-Taker General" (and thief) Jonathan
Wild at the Old Bailey, is hanged in London.
1750 – riots break out in Lhasa after the murder of the Tibetan
regent.
1750 – The F.H.C. Society, also known as the Flat Hat Club,
is formed at Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the
first college fraternity.
1778 – Cherry Valley Massacre: Loyalists and Seneca Indian forces
attack a fort and village in eastern New York during the American
Revolutionary War, killing more than forty civilians and soldiers.
1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Dürenstein – 8000 French troops
attempt to slow the retreat of a vastly superior Russian and
Austrian force.
1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm – British and Canadian
forces defeat a larger American force, causing the Americans
to abandon their Saint Lawrence campaign.
1831 – In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting
a violent slave uprising.
1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington,
Virginia.
1864 – American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea – Union
General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia
to the ground in preparation for his march south.
1865 – Treaty of Sinchula is signed by which Bhutan cedes the
areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
1869 – The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act is enacted in
Australia, giving the government control of indigenous people's
wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and
of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne
Gaol.
1887 – Anarchist Haymarket Martyrs August Spies, Albert Parsons,
Adolph Fischer and George Engel are executed.
1887 – Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal begins at Eastham.
1889 – The State of Washington is admitted as the 42nd State
of the United States.
1911 – Many cities in the Midwestern United States break their
record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front
rolls through.
1918 – World War I: Germany signs an armistice agreement with
the Allies in a railroad car in the forest of Compiègne, France.
The fighting officially ends at 11:00 a.m., (the eleventh hour
in the eleventh month on the eleventh day) and this is annually
honoured with a two-minute silence. The war officially ends
on the signing of the Treaty of Versailles on 28th June, 1919.
1918 – Józef Piłsudski assumes supreme military power in Poland
- symbolic first day of Polish independence.
1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquishes power.
1919 – The Centralia Massacre in Centralia, Washington results
the deaths of four members of the American Legion and the lynching
of a local leader of the Industrial Workers of the World.
1919 – Lāčplēša day – Latvian forces defeat the Freikorps at
Riga in the Latvian War of Independence.
1921 – The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President
Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
1924 – Prime Minister Alexandros Papanastasiou proclaims the
first recognized Greek Republic.
1926 – U.S. Route 66 is established.
1930 – Patent number US1781541 is awarded to Albert Einstein
and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator.
1934 – The Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne, Australia is
opened.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Taranto – The Royal Navy launches
the first aircraft carrier strike in history, on the Italian
fleet at Taranto.
1940 – The German cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British
mail, and sends it to Japan.
1940 – Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected blizzard kills
144 in the U.S. Midwest.
1942 – World War II: Nazi Germany completes its occupation of
France.
1942 – World War II: The Second Battle of El Alamein is won
by the British in El Alamein, Egypt.
1944 – Dr. jur. Erich Göstl, a member of the Waffen SS, is presented
with the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, to recognise extreme
battlefield bravery, after losing his face and eyes during the
Battle of Normandy.
1960 – A military coup against President Ngo Dinh Diem of South
Vietnam is crushed.
1961 – thirteen Italian Air Force servicemen, deployed to the
Congo as a part of the UN peacekeeping force are massacred by
a mob in the course of the Kindu atrocity.
1962 – Kuwait's National Assembly ratifies the Constitution
of Kuwait.
1965 – In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white-minority
government of Ian Smith unilaterally declares independence.
1966 – NASA launches Gemini 12.
1967 – Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh,
Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the
Viet Cong and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist
Tom Hayden.
1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal
is to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, through
Laos into South Vietnam.
1968 – A second republic is declared in the Maldives.
1972 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The United States Army
turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam.
1975 – Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian
Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough
Whitlam, appoints Malcolm Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister
and announces a general election to be held in early December.
1975 – Independence of Angola.
1981 – Antigua and Barbuda joins the United Nations.
1992 – The General Synod of the Church of England votes to allow
women to become priests.
1993 – A sculpture honoring women who served in the Vietnam
War is dedicated at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington,
D.C.
1999 – The House of Lords Act is given Royal Assent, restricting
membership of the British House of Lords by virtue of a hereditary
peerage.
2000 – Kaprun disaster: 155 skiers and snowboarders die when
a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel in Kaprun, Austria.
2001 – Journalists Pierre Billaud, Johanne Sutton and Volker
Handloik are killed in Afghanistan during an attack on the convoy
they are traveling in.
2004 – New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is dedicated
at the National War Memorial, Wellington.
2004 – The Palestine Liberation Organization confirms the death
of Yasser Arafat from unidentified causes. Mahmoud Abbas is
elected chairman of the PLO minutes later.
2006 – Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II unveils the New Zealand
War Memorial in London, United Kingdom, commemorating the loss
of soldiers from the New Zealand Army and the British Army.
2008 – RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) sets sail on her final voyage
to Dubai.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Bartholomew of Grottaferrata (Roman Catholic Church)
Martin of Tours (Roman Catholic Church)
St. Martin's Day
Menas
Søren Kierkegaard (Lutheran Church)
Theodore the Studite
November 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
End of World War I related observances:
Armistice Day (New Zealand, France and Belgium)
Independence Day, commemorates the anniversary of Poland's assumption
of independent statehood in 1918 (Poland)
Remembrance Day (United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations,
including Australia and Canada)
Veterans Day, called Armistice Day until 1954, when the holiday
was rededicated to be in honor all American military, naval,
and Air Force, veterans. (United States)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Angola from
Portugal in 1975.
Lāčplēsis Day (Latvia)
Opening of carnival ("Karneval"/"Fasching"),
on 11-11, at 11:11. (Germany, the Netherlands, and other countries)
Pocky Day and Pretz Day (Japan)
Pepero Day (South Korea)
Republic Day (Maldives)
Singles Day (China)
Women's Day (Belgium)
For details, contact Datacentre
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