Events
November
3
361
– Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever
at Mopsuestia in Cilicia, on his deathbed
he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian
rightful successor.
644 – Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim
caliph, is assassinated by a Persian slave
in Medina.
1333 – The River Arno flooding causing massive
damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine
chronicler Giovanni Villani.
1468 – Liège is sacked by Charles I of Burgundy's
troops.
1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights
the island of Dominica in the Caribbean
Sea.
1783 – John Austin, a highwayman, is the
last person to be publicly hanged at London's
Tyburn gallows.
1783 – The American Continental Army is
disbanded.
1793 – French playwright, journalist and
feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
1812 – Napoleon's armies are defeated at
the Battle of Vyazma
1817 – The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest
chartered bank, opens in Montreal, Quebec.
1838 – The Times of India, the world's largest
circulated English language daily broadsheet
newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times
and Journal of Commerce.
1848 – A greatly revised Dutch constitution,
drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, severely
limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy,
and strengthening the powers of parliament
and ministers, is proclaimed.
1867 – Garibaldi and his followers are defeated
in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end
the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would
be achieved three years later).
1883 – American Old West: Self-described
"Black Bart the poet" gets away
with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves
a clue that eventually leads to his capture.
1898 – France withdraws its troops from
Fashoda (now in Sudan), ending the Fashoda
Incident.
1903 – With the encouragement of the United
States, Panama separates from Colombia.
1911 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile
market in competition with the Ford Model
T.
1913 – The United States introduces an income
tax.
1918 – Austria-Hungary enters into an armistice
with the Allies, and the Habsburg-ruled
empire dissolves.
1918 – Poland declares its independence
from Russia.
1918 – The German Revolution of 1918–1919
begins when 40,000 sailors take over the
port in Kiel.
1930 – Getúlio Dornelles Vargas becomes
Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil
after a bloodless coup on October 24.
1932 – Panagis Tsaldaris becomes the 142nd
Prime Minister of Greece.
1935 – George II of Greece regains his throne
through a popular plebiscite.
1942 – World War II: The Koli Point action
begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and
ends on November 12.
1943 – World War II: 500 aircraft of the
U.S. 8th Air Force devastate Wilhelmshafen
harbor in Germany.
1944 – World War II: Two supreme commanders
of the Slovak National Uprising, Generals
Ján Golian and Rudolf Viest are captured,
tortured and later executed by German forces.
1957 – Sputnik program: The Soviet Union
launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first
animal to enter orbit, a dog named Laika.
1960 – The land that would become the Great
Swamp National Wildlife Refuge was established
by an Act of Congress after a year-long
legal battle that pitted local residents
against Port Authority of New York and New
Jersey officials wishing to turn the Great
Swamp into a major regional airport for
jet aircraft.
1964 – Washington D.C. residents are able
to vote in a presidential election for the
first time.
1967 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Dak To
begins.
1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard
M. Nixon addresses the nation on television
and radio, asking the "silent majority"
to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam
War effort and to support his policies.
1973 – Mariner program: NASA launches the
Mariner 10 toward Mercury. On March 29,
1974, it becomes the first space probe to
reach that planet.
1975 – Syed Nazrul Islam, A. H. M. Qamaruzzaman,
Tajuddin Ahmad, and Muhammad Mansur Ali,
Bangladeshi politicians and Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman loyalists, murdered in the Dhaka
Central Jail.
1978 – Dominica gains its independence from
the United Kingdom.
1979 – Greensboro massacre: Five members
of the Communist Workers Party are shot
dead and seven are wounded by a group of
Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death
to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, North
Carolina, United States.
1982 – The Salang tunnel fire in Afghanistan
kills up to 2,000 people.
1986 – Iran-Contra Affair: The Lebanese
magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the United
States has been secretly selling weapons
to Iran in order to secure the release of
seven American hostages held by pro-Iranian
groups in Lebanon.
1986 – The Federated States of Micronesia
gain independence from the United States
of America.
1988 – Sri Lankan Tamil mercenaries try
to overthrow the Maldivian government. At
President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's request,
the Indian military suppresses the coup
attempt within 24 hours.
1996 – Death of Abdullah Çatlı, leader of
the Turkish ultra-nationalist organisation
Grey Wolves in the Susurluk car-crash, which
leads to the resignation of the Turkish
Interior Minister, Mehmet Ağar (a leader
of the True Path Party, DYP).
1997 – The United States of America imposes
economic sanctions against Sudan in response
to its human rights abuses of its own citizens
and its material and political assistance
to Islamic extremist groups across the Middle
East and Eastern Africa.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions (Greek
Orthodox Church)
Hubertus
Malachy O' More
Martin de Porres
Rupert Mayer
Winefride
November 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Culture Day (Japan), and its related observances:
Feudal Lord's Parade or Hakone Daimyō Gyōretsu
(Hakone, Kanagawa)
Independence Day / Separation Day, celebrates
the separation and independence of Panama
from Colombia in 1903.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence
of Dominica from the United Kingdom in 1978.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence
of the Federated States of Micronesia from
the United States in 1986.
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