Events
312
– Constantine the Great is said to have
received his famous Vision of the Cross.
710 – Saracen invasion of Sardinia.
939 – Edmund I succeeds Athelstan as King
of England.
1275 – Traditional founding of the city
of Amsterdam.
1524 – Italian Wars: The French troops
lay siege to Pavia.
1553 – Condemned as a heretic, Michael
Servetus is burned at the stake just outside
Geneva.
1644 – Second Battle of Newbury in the
English Civil War.
1682 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded.
1795 – The United States and Spain sign
the Treaty of Madrid, which establishes
the boundaries between Spanish colonies
and the U.S.
1806 – The French Army enters Berlin.
1810 – United States annexes the former
Spanish colony of West Florida.
1827 – Bellini's third opera Il pirata
is premiered at Teatro alla Scala di Milano
1838 – Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs
issues the Extermination Order, which
orders all Mormons to leave the state
or be exterminated.
1870 – Marshal François Achille Bazaine
surrenders to Prussian forces at Metz
along with 140,000 French soldiers in
one of the biggest French defeats of the
Franco-Prussian War.
1904 – The first underground New York
City Subway line opens; the system becomes
the biggest in United States, and one
of the biggest in world.
1914 – World War I: The British super-dreadnought
battleship HMS Audacious (23,400 tons),
is sunk off Tory Island, north-west of
Ireland, by a minefield laid by the armed
German merchant-cruiser Berlin.
1916 – Battle of Segale: Negus Mikael,
marching on the Ethiopian capital in support
of his son Emperor Iyasus V, is defeated
by Fitawrari abte Giyorgis, securing the
throne for Empress Zauditu.
1922 – A referendum in Rhodesia rejects
the country's annexation to the South
African Union.
1924 – The Uzbek SSR is founded in the
Soviet Union.
1930 – ratifications exchanged in London,
for the first London Naval Treaty signed
in April modifying the 1925 Washington
Naval Treaty and the arms limitation treaty's
modified provisions go into effect immediately;
further limiting the expensive naval arms
race between its five signatories.
1936 – Mrs Wallis Simpson files for divorce
which would eventually allow her to marry
King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom,
thus forcing his abdication from the throne.
1944 – World War II: German forces capture
Banská Bystrica during Slovak National
Uprising thus bringing it to an end.
1948 – Léopold Sédar Senghor founds the
Senegalese Democratic Bloc.
1953 – British nuclear test Totem 2 is
carried out at Emu Field, South Australia.
1954 – Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes the
first African-American general in the
United States Air Force.
1958 – Iskander Mirza, the first President
of Pakistan, is deposed in a bloodless
coup d'état by General Ayub Khan, who
had been appointed the enforcer of martial
law by Mirza 20 days earlier.
1961 – NASA launches the first Saturn
I rocket in Mission Saturn-Apollo 1.
1961 – Mauritania and Mongolia join the
United Nations.
1962 – Major Rudolf Anderson of the United
States Air Force becomes the only direct
human casualty of the Cuban Missile Crisis
when his U-2 reconnaissance airplane is
shot down in Cuba by a Soviet-supplied
SA-2 Guideline surface-to-air missile.
1962 – A plane carrying Enrico Mattei,
post-war Italian administrator, crashes
in mysterious circumstances.
1964 – Ronald Reagan delivers a speech
on behalf of Republican candidate for
president, Barry Goldwater. The speech
launched his political career and came
to be known as "A Time for Choosing".
1967 – Catholic priest Philip Berrigan
and others of the Baltimore Four protest
the Vietnam War by pouring blood on Selective
Service records.
1971 – The Democratic Republic of the
Congo is renamed Zaire.
1973 – The Cañon City meteorite, a 1.4
kg chondrite type meteorite, strikes in
Fremont County, Colorado.
1981 – The Soviet submarine U 137 runs
aground on the east coast of Sweden.
1986 – The British government suddenly
deregulates financial markets, leading
to a total restructuring of the way in
which they operate in the country, in
an event now referred to as the Big Bang.
1988 – Ronald Reagan decides to tear down
the new U.S. Embassy in Moscow because
of Soviet listening devices in the building
structure.
1991 – Turkmenistan achieves independence
from the Soviet Union.
1992 – United States Navy radioman Allen
R. Schindler, Jr. is brutally murdered
by shipmate Terry M. Helvey for being
gay, precipitating first military, then
national, debate about gays in the military
that resulted in the United States "Don't
ask, don't tell" military policy.
1994 – The U.S. prison population tops
1 million for the first time in American
history.
1994 – Gliese 229B is the first Substellar
Mass Object to be unquestionably identified.
1995 – Latvia applies for membership in
the European Union.
1995 – Former Prime Minister of Italy
Bettino Craxi is convicted in absentia
of corruption.
1997 – October 27, 1997 mini-crash: Stock
markets around the world crash because
of fears of a global economic meltdown.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average plummets
554.26 points to 7,161.15.
1999 – Gunmen open fire in the Armenian
Parliament, killing Prime Minister Vazgen
Sargsyan, Parliament Chairman Karen Demirchyan,
and 6 other members.
2004 – Major League Baseball: The Boston
Red Sox complete a four-game sweep of
the 2004 World Series against the St.
Louis Cardinals, giving the team their
first World Series championship since
1918.
2005 – Riots begin in Paris after the
deaths of two Muslim teenagers.
2005 – The SSETI Express micro-satellite
is successfully launched from the Plesetsk
Cosmodrome.
2011 – The Royal Australian Navy announces
that they discovered the wreck of a World
War II submarine in Simpson Harbour, Papua
New Guinea during Operation RENDER SAFE
- it is likely to be Japanese.
Holidays
and observances
Černová
Tragedy Day (Slovakia)
Christian Feast Day:
Abbán
Elesbaan
Frumentius (Roman Catholic Church)
October 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence
of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines from
United Kingdom in 1979.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence
of Turkmenistan from USSR in 1991.
Navy Day, first organized to be on this
day. (United States)
World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (International)
For details, contact Datacentre
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