October
26
Independence
Day
Austria : October 26 1955
October
26
Austria
The Neutrality Constitution of 1955
Events
306 – Martyrdom of Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki
1597 – Imjin War: Admiral Yi Sun-sin routs the Japanese Navy
of 300 ships with only 13 ships at the Battle of Myeongnyang.
1640 – The Treaty of Ripon is signed, restoring peace between
Scotland and Charles I of England.
1689 – General Piccolomini of Austria burned down Skopje to
prevent the spread of cholera. He died of cholera himself soon
after.
1774 – The first Continental Congress adjourns in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
1775 – King George III of Great Britain goes before Parliament
to declare the American colonies in rebellion, and authorized
a military response to quell the American Revolution.
1776 – Benjamin Franklin departs from America for France on
a mission to seek French support for the American Revolution.
1795 – The French Directory, a five-man revolutionary government,
is created.
1811 – The Argentine government declare the freedom of expression
for the press by decree.
1813 – War of 1812: Canadians and Mohawks defeat the Americans
in the Battle of Chateauguay.
1825 – The Erie Canal opens – passage from Albany, New York
to Lake Erie.
1859 – The Royal Charter is wrecked on the coast of Anglesey,
north Wales with 459 dead.
1860 – Meeting of Teano. Giuseppe Garibaldi, conqueror of the
Kingdom of Two Sicilies, gives it to King Victor Emmanuel II
of Italy.
1861 – The Pony Express officially ceases operations.
1881 – The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral takes place at Tombstone,
Arizona.
1905 – Norway becomes independent from Sweden.
1909 – Itō Hirobumi, Resident-General of Korea, was shot to
death by Korean independence supporter Ahn Jung-geun at the
Harbin train station in Manchuria.
1912 – First Balkan War: The Ottoman occupied city of Thessaloniki,
is liberated and unified with Greece on the feast day of its
patron Saint Demetrius. On the same day, Serbian troops captured
Skopje.
1917 – World War I: Battle of Caporetto; Italy suffers a catastrophic
defeat at the forces of Austria-Hungary and Germany. The young
unknown Oberleutnant Erwin Rommel captures Mount Matajur with
only 100 Germans against a force of over 7000 Italians.
1917 – World War I: Brazil declared in state of war with Central
Powers.
1918 – Erich Ludendorff, quartermaster-general of the Imperial
German Army, is dismissed by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany for
refusing to cooperate in peace negotiations.
1921 – The Chicago Theatre opens.
1936 – The first electric generator at Hoover Dam goes into
full operation.
1940 – The P-51 Mustang makes its maiden flight.
1942 – World War II: In the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands
during the Guadalcanal Campaign, one U.S. aircraft carrier,
Hornet, is sunk and another aircraft carrier, Enterprise, is
heavily damaged.
1943 – World War II: First flight of the Dornier Do 335 "Pfeil".
1944 – World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf ends with an overwhelming
American victory.
1947 – The Maharaja of Kashmir agrees to allow his kingdom to
join India.
1955 – After the last Allied troops have left the country and
following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty,
Austria declares permanent neutrality.
1955 – Ngô Đình Diệm declares himself Premier of South Vietnam.
1958 – Pan American Airways makes the first commercial flight
of the Boeing 707 from New York City to Paris, France.
1964 – Eric Edgar Cooke becomes last person in Western Australia
to be executed.
1967 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi crowns himself Emperor of Iran
and then crowns his wife Farah Empress of Iran.
1968 – Soviet cosmonaut Georgy Beregovoy pilots Soyuz 3 into
space for a four-day mission.
1977 – The last natural case of smallpox is discovered in Merca
district, Somalia. The World Health Organization and the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention consider this date the anniversary
of the eradication of smallpox, the most spectacular success
of vaccination.
1979 – Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea is assassinated
by Korean Central Intelligence Agency head Kim Jae-kyu. Choi
Kyu-ha becomes the acting President; Kim is executed the following
May.
1984 – "Baby Fae" receives a heart transplant from
a baboon.
1985 – The Australian government returns ownership of Uluru
to the local Pitjantjatjara Aborigines.
1992 – The Charlottetown Accord fails to win majority support
in a Canada wide referendum.
1992 – The London Ambulance Service is thrown into chaos after
the implementation of a new CAD, or Computer Aided Dispatch,
system which failed.
1994 – Jordan and Israel sign a peace treaty
1995 – Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Mossad agents assassinate
Islamic Jihad leader Fathi Shikaki in his hotel in Malta.
1999 – Britain's House of Lords votes to end the right of hereditary
peers to vote in Britain's upper chamber of Parliament.
2000 – Laurent Gbagbo takes over as president of Côte d'Ivoire
following a popular uprising against President Robert Guéï.
2001 – The United States passes the USA PATRIOT Act into law.
2002 – Moscow Theatre Siege: Approximately 50 Chechen terrorists
and 150 hostages die when Russian Spetsnaz storm a theater building
in Moscow, which had been occupied by the terrorists during
a musical performance three days before.
2003 – The Cedar Fire, the second-largest fire in California
history, kills 15 people, consumes 250,000 acres (1,000 km²),
and destroys 2,200 homes around San Diego.
Holidays
and observances
Angam Day
(Nauru)
Armed Forces Day (Benin)
Christian Feast Day:
Alfred the Great
Cedd
Cuthbert of Canterbury
Demetrius of Thessaloniki
Fulk of Pavia (Roman Catholic Church)
Quadragesimus
Witta of Büraburg
Day of Mourning (Libya)
Diwali (Festival of Lights for Hindus, Sikhs and Jains)
National Day, celebrates the anniversary of the Declaration
of Neutrality in 1955. (Austria)
The first day of Ludi Victoriae Sullanae, celebrated until November
1. (Roman Empire)
For details, contact Datacentre
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