Events
473
– Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo
II as Caesar of the Byzantine Empire.
1147 – The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and
Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer
Lisbon after a four-month siege.
1147 – Seljuk Turks completely annihilate
German crusaders under Conrad III at the
Battle of Dorylaeum.
1415 – The army of Henry V of England defeats
the French at the Battle of Agincourt.
1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes
second recorded landfall by a European on
Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk
Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
1747 – British fleet under Admiral Sir Edward
Hawke defeats the French at the second battle
of Cape Finisterre.
1760 – George III becomes King of Great
Britain.
1812 – War of 1812: The American frigate,
USS United States, commanded by Stephen
Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS
Macedonian.
1828 – The St Katharine Docks opened in
London.
1854 – The Battle of Balaklava during the
Crimean War (Charge of the Light Brigade).
1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
1900 – The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
1917 – Traditionally understood date of
the October Revolution, involving the capture
of the Winter Palace, Petrograd, Russia.
The date refers to the Julian Calendar date,
and corresponds with November 7 in the Gregorian
calendar.
1920 – After 74 days on Hunger Strike in
Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord
Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney died.
1924 – The forged Zinoviev Letter is published
in the Daily Mail, wrecking the British
Labour Party's hopes of re-election.
1938 – The Archbishop of Dubuque, Francis
J. L. Beckman, denounces swing music as
"a degenerated musical system... turned
loose to gnaw away at the moral fiber of
young people", warning that it leads
down a "primrose path to hell".
1940 – Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. is named the
first African American general in the United
States Army.
1944 – Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown
on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized
youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted
army deserters and others to hide from the
Third Reich.
1944 – The USS Tang under Richard O'Kane
(the top American submarine captain of World
War II) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning
torpedo.
1944 – The Romanian Army liberates Carei,
the last Romanian city under Axis Powers
occupation.
1944 – Battle of Leyte Gulf, the largest
naval battle in history, takes place in
and around the Philippines between the Imperial
Japanese Navy and the U.S. Third and U.S.
Seventh Fleets.
1945 – The Republic of China takes over
administration of Taiwan following Japan's
surrender to the Allies.
1962 – Cuban missile crisis: Adlai Stevenson
shows photos at the UN proving Soviet missiles
are installed in Cuba.
1962 – Uganda joins the United Nations.
1962 – Nelson Mandela is sentenced to five
years in prison.
1971 – The United Nations seated the People's
Republic of China and expelled the Republic
of China (see political status of Taiwan
and China and the United Nations)
1977 – Digital Equipment Corporation releases
OpenVMS V1.0.
1980 – Proceedings on the Hague Convention
on the Civil Aspects of International Child
Abduction conclude at The Hague.
1983 – Operation Urgent Fury: The United
States and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada,
six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop
and several of his supporters are executed
in a coup d'état.
1991 – History of Slovenia: Three months
after the end of the Ten-Day War, the last
soldier of the Yugoslav People's Army leaves
the territory of the Republic of Slovenia.
1995 – A commuter train slams into a school
bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing
seven students.
1997 – After a brief civil war which has
driven President Pascal Lissouba out of
Brazzaville, Denis Sassou-Nguesso proclaims
himself the President of the Republic of
the Congo.
2004 – Fidel Castro, Cuba's President, announces
that transactions using the American Dollar
will be banned.
2009 – The 25 October 2009 Baghdad bombings
kills 155 and wounds at least 721.
2010 – Mount Merapi in Central Java, Indonesia,
begins over a month of eruptions.
Holidays
and observances
Armed
Forces Day (Romania)
Christian Feast Day:
Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy
Crysanthus and Daria (Western Christianity)
Crispin and Crispinian
Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
Gaudentius of Brescia
Minias of Florence
October 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Constitution Day (Lithuania)
Day of the Basque Country (Basque Country)
Earliest day on which Nevada Day can fall,
while October 31 is the latest; celebrated
on last Friday in October. (Nevada)
Republic Day (Kazakhstan)
Retrocession Day (Taiwan)
Thanksgiving Day (Grenada)
For details, contact Datacentre
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