Events
of the day
363 – Emperor
Julian marches back up the
Tigris and burns his fleet
of supply ships. During the
withdrawal Roman forces suffering
several attacks from the Persians.
1487 – Battle of Stoke Field,
the final engagement of the
Wars of the Roses.
1586 – Mary, Queen of Scots,
recognizes Philip II of Spain
as her heir and successor.
1745 – British troops take
Cape Breton Island, which
is now part of Nova Scotia,
Canada.
1745 – Sir William Pepperell
captures the French Fortress
of Louisbourg in Louisbourg,
Nova Scotia during the War
of the Austrian Succession.
1746 – War of Austrian Succession:
Austria and Sardinia defeat
a Franco-Spanish army at the
Battle of Piacenza.
1755 – French and Indian War:
the French surrender Fort
Beauséjour to the British,
leading to the expulsion of
the Acadians.
1774 – Foundation of Harrodsburg,
Kentucky.
1779 – Spain declares war
on the Kingdom of Great Britain,
and the Great Siege of Gibraltar
begins.
1795 – First Battle of Groix
otherwise known as "Cornwallis'
Retreat".
1815 – Battle of Ligny and
Battle of Quatre Bras, two
days before the Battle of
Waterloo.
1816 – Lord Byron reads Fantasmagoriana
to his four house guests at
the Villa Diodati, Percy Shelley,
Mary Shelley, Claire Clairmont,
and John Polidori, and inspires
his challenge that each guest
write a ghost story, which
culminated in Mary Shelley
writing the novel Frankenstein,
John Polidori writing the
short story The Vampyre, and
Byron writing the poem Darkness.
1836 – The formation of the
London Working Men's Association
gives rise to the Chartist
Movement.
1846 – The Papal conclave
of 1846 concludes. Pope Pius
IX is elected Pope beginning
the longest reign in the history
of the papacy (not counting
St. Peter).
1858 – Abraham Lincoln delivers
his House Divided speech in
Springfield, Illinois.
1858 – The Battle of Morar
takes place during the Indian
Mutiny.
1871 – The University Tests
Act allows students to enter
the Universities of Oxford,
Cambridge and Durham without
religious tests (except for
those intending to study theology).
1883 – The Victoria Hall theatre
panic in Sunderland, England
kills 183 children.
1891 – John Abbott becomes
Canada's third Prime Minister.
1897 – A treaty annexing the
Republic of Hawaii to the
United States is signed; the
Republic would not be dissolved
until a year later.
1903 – The Ford Motor Company
is incorporated.
1903 – Roald Amundsen commences
the first east-west navigation
of the Northwest Passage,
leaving Oslo, Norway.
1904 – Eugen Schauman assassinates
Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General
of Finland.
1904 – Irish author James
Joyce begins a relationship
with Nora Barnacle and subsequently
uses the date to set the actions
for his novel Ulysses; this
date is now traditionally
called "Bloomsday".
1911 – IBM founded as the
Computing-Tabulating-Recording
Company in Endicott, New York.
1911 – A 772 gram stony meteorite
strikes the earth near Kilbourn,
Wisconsin damaging a barn.
1915 – Foundation of the British
Women's Institute.
1922 – General election in
the Irish Free State: the
pro-Treaty Sinn Féin win a
large majority.
1924 – The Whampoa Military
Academy is founded.
1925 – The most famous Young
Pioneer camp of the Soviet
Union, Artek, is established.
1930 – Sovnarkom establishes
decree time in the USSR.
1933 – The National Industrial
Recovery Act is passed.
1940 – World War II: Marshal
Henri Philippe Pétain becomes
Chief of State of Vichy France
(Chef de l'État Français).
1940 – A Communist government
is installed in Lithuania.
1958 – Imre Nagy, Pál Maléter
and other leaders of the 1956
Hungarian Uprising are executed.
1961 – Rudolf Nureyev defects
from the Soviet Union.
1963 – Soviet Space Program:
Vostok 6 Mission – Cosmonaut
Valentina Tereshkova becomes
the first woman in space.
1967 – The Monterey Pop Festival
begins
1972 – Red Army Faction member
Ulrike Meinhof is captured
by police in Langenhagen.
1972 – The largest single-site
hydro-electric power project
in Canada is inaugurated at
Churchill Falls, Labrador.
1976 – Soweto uprising: a
non-violent march by 15,000
students in Soweto, South
Africa turns into days of
rioting when police open fire
on the crowd.
1977 – Oracle Corporation
is incorporated in Redwood
Shores, California, as Software
Development Laboratories (SDL)
by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner
and Ed Oates.
1989 – Imre Nagy, the former
Hungarian Prime Minister,
is reburied in Budapest.
1997 – The Dairat Labguer
massacre in Algeria; 50 people
are killed.
2000 – Israel complies with
UN Security Council Resolution
425 after 22 years of it issuance,
which calls on Israel to completely
withdraw from Lebanon. Israel
withdraws from all of Lebanon,
except the disputed Shebaa
Farms.
Holidays
and observances
Bloomsday
(Dublin, James Joyce fans)
Christian Feast Day:
Benno
Lutgardis
Quiricus and Julietta
June 16 (Eastern Orthodox
liturgics)
International Day of the African
Child (Organisation of African
Unity)
Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev
(Sikhism)
Sussex Day (Sussex)
Youth Day (South Africa)
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