Events
of the day
365
โ The Alamanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul.
Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command
the army and defend the Gallic cities.
996 โ Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk,
Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known
document using the name Ostarrรฎchi (Austria
in Old High German).
1179 โ Philip II is crowned King of France.
1348 โ The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks
the Jews of Murviedro on the pretext that they
are serfs of the King of Valencia and thus "royalists."
1512 โ The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted
by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public
for the first time.
1520 โ The Strait of Magellan is discovered,
the passage immediately south of mainland South
America, connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic
Oceans, is first navigated by Ferdinand Magellan
during the first global circumnavigation voyage.
1555 โ French Huguenots establish the France
Antarctique colony in present-day Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil.
1604 โ William Shakespeare's tragedy Othello
is presented for the first time, at Whitehall
Palace in London.
1611 โ William Shakespeare's romantic comedy
The Tempest is presented for the first time,
at Whitehall Palace in London.
1612 โ (22 October O.S.) Time of Troubles in
Russia: Moscow, Kitai-gorod, is captured by
Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
1683 โ The British crown colony of New York
is subdivided into 12 counties.
1688 โ William III of Orange sets out a second
time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands
to invade England, Scotland and Ireland from
King James II of England during the Glorious
Revolution.
1755 โ Lisbon earthquake: In Portugal, Lisbon
is destroyed by a massive earthquake and tsunami,
killing between sixty thousand and ninety thousand
people.
1765 โ The British Parliament enacts the Stamp
Act on the 13 colonies in order to help pay
for British military operations in North America.
1790 โ Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on
the Revolution in France, in which he predicts
that the French Revolution will end in a disaster.
1800 โ US President John Adams becomes the first
President of the United States to live in the
Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
1805 โ Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during
the War of the Third Coalition.
1814 โ Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the
European political map after the defeat of France,
in the Napoleonic Wars.
1848 โ In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical
school for women, The Boston Female Medical
School (which later merged with the Boston University
School of Medicine), opens.
1859 โ The current Cape Lookout, North Carolina,
lighthouse is lit for the first time. Its first-order
Fresnel lens can be seen for about 19 miles
(30 kilometers), in good conditions.
1861 โ American Civil War: US President Abraham
Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the
commander of the Union Army, replacing General
Winfield Scott.
1870 โ In the United States, the Weather Bureau
(later renamed the National Weather Service)
makes its first official meteorological forecast.
1876 โ New Zealand's provincial government system
is dissolved.
1884 โ The Gaelic Athletic Association is set
up in Hayes's Hotel in Thurles, County Tipperary.
1886 โ Ananda College, a leading Buddhist school
in Sri Lanka is established with 37 students.
1894 โ Nicholas II becomes the new Tsar of Russia
after his father, Alexander III, dies.
1896 โ A picture showing the unclad (bare) breasts
of a woman appears in National Geographic magazine
for the first time.
1897 โ The first Library of Congress building
opened its doors to the public. The Library
had been housed in the Congressional Reading
Room in the U.S. Capitol.
1901 โ Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national
male collegiate fraternity is established at
Richmond College, in Richmond, VA.
1911 โ The first dropping of a bomb from an
airplane in combat, during the Italo-Turkish
War.
1914 โ World War I: the first British Royal
Navy defeat of the war with Germany, the Battle
of Coronel, is fought off of the western coast
of Chile, in the Pacific, with the loss of HMS
Good Hope and HMS Monmouth.
1915 โ Parris Island is officially designated
a US Marine Corps Recruit Depot.
1916 โ Paul Miliukov delivers in the State Duma
the famous "stupidity or treason"
speech, precipitating the downfall of the Boris
Stรผrmer government.
1918 โ Malbone Street Wreck: the worst rapid
transit accident in US history occurs under
the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush
Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least
93 deaths.
1918 โ Western Ukraine gains its independence
from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
1920 โ American Fishing Schooner Esperanto defeats
the Canadian Fishing Schooner Delawana in the
First International Fishing Schooner Championship
Races in Halifax.
1922 โ The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire,
Mehmed VI, abdicates.
1928 โ The Law on the Adoption and Implementation
of the Turkish Alphabet, replacing the version
of the Arabic alphabet previously used, comes
into force in Turkey.
1937 โ Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg
and seven members of Azerbaijan's Lutheran community.
1938 โ Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an
upset victory during a match race deemed "the
match of the century" in horse racing.
1939 โ The first rabbit born after artificial
insemination is exhibited to the world.
1941 โ American photographer Ansel Adams takes
a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez,
New Mexico that would become one of the most
famous images in the history of photography.
1942 โ Matanikau Offensive begins during the
Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 4.
1943 โ World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta
Bay, United States Marines, the 3rd Marine Division,
land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
1943 โ World War II: In support of the landings
on Bougainville, U.S. aircraft carrier forces
attack the huge Japanese base at Rabaul.
1944 โ World War II: Units of the British Army
land at Walcheren in the Netherlands.
1945 โ The official North Korean newspaper,
Rodong Sinmun, is first published under the
name Chongro.
1945 โ Australia joins the United Nations.
1946 โ The New York Knicks played against the
Toronto Huskies at the Maple Leaf Gardens, in
the first Basketball Association of America
game. The Knicks would win 68โ66.
1948 โ Off southern Manchuria, 6,000 people
are killed as a Chinese merchant ship explodes
and sinks.
1948 โ Athenagoras I, Ecumenical Patriarch of
Constantinople is enthroned.
1950 โ Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola
and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US
President Harry S. Truman at Blair House.
1950 โ Pope Pius XII claims Papal Infallibility
when he formally defines the dogma of the Assumption
of Mary.
1951 โ Operation Buster-Jangle: 6,500 American
soldiers are exposed to 'Desert Rock' atomic
explosions for training purposes in Nevada.
Participation is not voluntary.
1952 โ Operation Ivy โ The United States successfully
detonates the first large hydrogen bomb, codenamed
"Mike" ["M" for megaton],
in the Eniwetok atoll, located in the Marshall
Islands in the central Pacific Ocean. The explosion
had a yield of 10 megatons.
1953 โ Andhra Pradesh attained statehood on
1 November 1953, with Kurnool as its capital.
1954 โ The Front de Libรฉration Nationale fires
the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.
1955 โ The bombing of United Airlines Flight
629 occurs near Longmont, Colorado, killing
all 39 passengers and five crew members aboard
the Douglas DC-6B airliner.
1956 โ The Indian states Kerala, Andhra Pradesh,
and Mysore state are formally created under
the States Reorganisation Act.
1956 โ In India, Kanyakumari district was joined
to Tamilnadu state from Kerala.
1957 โ The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest
suspension bridge between anchorages at the
time, opens to traffic connecting Michigan's
upper and lower peninsulas.
1959 โ Montreal Canadiens goaltender Jacques
Plante wears a protective mask for the first
time in an NHL game.
1959 โ In Rwanda, Hutu politician Dominique
Mbonyumutwa is beaten up by Tutsi forces, leading
to a period of violence known as the wind of
destruction.
1960 โ While campaigning for President of the
United States, John F. Kennedy announces his
idea of the Peace Corps.
1961 โ 50,000 women in 60 cities participate
in the inaugural Women Strike for Peace (WSP)
against nuclear proliferation.
1963 โ The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto
Rico, with the largest radio telescope ever
constructed, officially opens.
1966 โ The New Orleans Saints football team
is founded.
1968 โ The Motion Picture Association of America's
film rating system is officially introduced,
originating with the ratings G, M, R, and X.
1970 โ Club Cinq-Sept fire in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont,
France kills 146 young people.
1973 โ Watergate Scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed
as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
1973 โ The Indian state of Mysore is renamed
as Karnataka to represent all the regions within
Karunadu.
1981 โ Antigua and Barbuda gain independence
from the United Kingdom.
1982 โ Honda becomes the first Asian automobile
company to produce cars in the United States
with the opening of their factory in Marysville,
Ohio. The Honda Accord is the first car produced
there.
1993 โ The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally
establishing the European Union.
2000 โ Serbia joins the United Nations.
Holidays
and observances
All
Saints Day, a Holy Day of Obligation in the
Roman Catholic Church. A holiday in Argentina,
Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Croatia,
Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala,
Hungary, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta (for schools only), Mauritius, Mexico,
Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Seychelles,
Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
Andhra Pradesh Formation Day (Andhra Pradesh)
Christian Feast Day:
Austromoine
Benignus of Dijon
Caesarius of Africa
November 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Day of the Innocents, The first day of Day
of the Dead or El Dia de los Muertos celebration.
(Mexico)
Day of the leaders of the Bulgarian National
Revival (Bulgaria)
Haryana Foundation Day (Haryana)
Independence Day, celebrates the independence
of Antigua and Barbuda from the United Kingdom
in 1981.
Karnataka Foundation Day (Karnataka)
Kerala Foundation Day (Kerala)
National day (Algeria)
The first day of Samhain, officially started
at Samhain Eve, at the sunset of October 31.
(Gaels and Neopagans)
World Vegan Day (International)
For details, contact Datacentre
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