UN
Day
World
Drowning Prevention Day
Events
of the day
285 β Diocletian appoints
Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler.
306 β Constantine I is proclaimed Roman
emperor by his troops.
315 β The Arch of Constantine is completed
near the Colosseum at Rome to commemorate
Constantine's victory over Maxentius at
the Milvian Bridge.
864 β The Edict of Pistres of Charles the
Bald orders defensive measures against the
Vikings.
1139 β Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids,
led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince
Afonso Henriques.
1261 β The city of Constantinople is recaptured
by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios
Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine
Empire.
1536 β SebastiΓ‘n de BelalcΓ‘zar on his search
of El Dorado founds the city of Santiago
de Cali.
1538 β The city of Guayaquil is founded
by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de
Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y
Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.
1547 β Henry II of France is crowned.
1554 β Mary I marries Philip II of Spain
at Winchester Cathedral
1567 β Don Diego de Losada founds the city
of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day
Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
1593 β Henry IV of France publicly converts
from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
1603 β James VI of Scotland is crowned as
king of England (James I of England), bringing
the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland
into personal union. Political union would
occur in 1707.
1609 β The English ship Sea Venture, en
route to Virginia, is deliberately driven
ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent
its sinking; the survivors go on to found
a new colony there.
1693 β Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago
de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo,
Nuevo LeΓ³n, MΓ©xico.
1722 β Dummer's War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts
border.
1755 β British governor Charles Lawrence
and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation
of the Acadians. Thousands of Acadians are
sent to the British Colonies in America,
France and England. Some later move to Louisiana,
while others resettle in New Brunswick.
1758 β Seven Years' War: the island battery
at Fortress Louisbourg in Nova Scotia is
silenced and all French warships are destroyed
or taken.
1759 β French and Indian War: in Western
New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara
from the French, who subsequently abandon
Fort RouillΓ©.
1783 β American Revolutionary War: The war's
last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is
ended by preliminary peace agreement.
1788 β Wolfgang Mozart completes his Symphony
No. 40 in G minor (K550).
1792 β The Brunswick Manifesto is issued
to the population of Paris promising vengeance
if the French Royal Family is harmed.
1795 β The first stone of the Pontcysyllte
Aqueduct is laid.
1797 β Horatio Nelson loses more than 300
men and his right arm during the failed
conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
1799 β At Aboukir in Egypt, Napoleon I of
France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa
Pasha.
1814 β War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane
β reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls
for General Riall's British and Canadian
forces and a bloody, all-night battle with
Jacob Brown's Americans commences at 18.00;
the Americans retreat to Fort Erie.
1824 β Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from
Nicaragua.
1837 β The first commercial use of an electric
telegraph is successfully demonstrated by
William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone on
25 July 1837 between Euston and Camden Town
in London.
1853 β Joaquin Murietta, the famous Californio
bandit known as "Robin Hood of El Dorado",
is killed.
1861 β American Civil War: The United States
Congress passes the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution,
stating that the war is being fought to
preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
1866 β The United States Congress passes
legislation authorizing the five-star rank
of General of the Army. Lieutenant General
Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be
promoted to this rank.
1868 β Wyoming becomes a United States territory.
1869 β The Japanese daimyΕ begin returning
their land holdings to the emperor as part
of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional
Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).
1893 β The Corinth Canal in the Gulf of
Corinth, Greece is used for the first time.
1894 β The First Sino-Japanese War begins
when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
1898 β After over two months of sea-based
bombardment, the United States invasion
of Puerto Rico begins with U.S. troops led
by General Nelson Miles landing at harbor
of GuΓ‘nica, Puerto Rico.
1908 β Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda
of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers
that a key ingredient in Konbu soup stock
is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents
a process for manufacturing it.
1909 β Louis BlΓ©riot makes the first flight
across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air
machine from (Calais to Dover) in 37 minutes.
1915 β RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes
the first British military aviator to earn
the Victoria Cross, for defeating three
German two-seat observation aircraft in
one day, over the Western Front.
1917 β Sir Robert Borden introduces the
first income tax in Canada as a "temporary"
measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest
is 25%).
1920 β Telecommunications: the first transatlantic
two-way radio broadcast takes place.
1920 β France captures Damascus.
1925 β Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union
(TASS) is established.
1934 β The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor
Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
1940 β General Guisan orders the Swiss Army
to resist German invasion and makes surrender
illegal.
1942 β Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent
resistance to the Nazis.
1943 β World War II: Benito Mussolini is
forced out of office by his own Italian
Grand Council and is replaced by Pietro
Badoglio.
1944 β World War II: Operation Spring β
one of the bloodiest days for the First
Canadian Army during the war: 1,500 casualties,
including 500 killed.
1946 β Operation Crossroads: an atomic bomb
is detonated underwater in the lagoon of
Bikini atoll.
1946 β At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New
Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage
their first show as a comedy team.
1952 β The U.S. non-incorporated colonial
territory of Puerto Rico adopts a constitution
of local-limited powers, approved by the
United States Congress in contravention
of then-current international law.
1956 β 45 miles south of Nantucket Island,
the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria
collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy
fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.
1957 β The Republic of Tunisia is proclaimed.
1958 β The African Regroupment Party (PRA)
holds its first congress in Cotonou.
1959 β SR-N1 hovercraft crosses the English
Channel from Calais to Dover in just over
2 hours.
1961 β In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes
that any attack on Berlin is an attack on
NATO.
1965 β Bob Dylan goes electric as he plugs
in at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling
a major change in folk and rock music.
1969 β Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard
Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating
that the United States now expects its Asian
allies to take care of their own military
defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization"
of the war.
1973 β Soviet Mars 5 space probe launched.
1976 β Viking program: Viking 1 takes the
famous Face on Mars photo.
1978 β The Cerro Maravilla incident occurs.
1978 β Louise Brown, the world's first "test
tube baby" is born.
1979 β Another section of the Sinai Peninsula
is peacefully returned by Israel to Egypt.
1983 β Black July: 37 Tamil political prisoners
at the Welikada high security prison in
Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese
prisoners.
1984 β Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya
becomes the first woman to perform a space
walk.
1993 β Israel launches a massive attack
against Lebanon in what the Israelis call
Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese
call Seven-Day War.
1993 β The Saint James Church massacre occurs
in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.
1994 β Israel and Jordan sign the Washington
Declaration, which formally ends the state
of war that had existed between the nations
since 1948.
1995 β A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel
station of line B of the RER (Paris regional
train network). Eight are killed and 80
wounded.
1996 β In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre
Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
2000 β Air France Flight 4590, a Concorde
supersonic passenger jet, F-BTSC, crashes
just after takeoff from Paris killing all
109 aboard and 4 on the ground.
2007 β Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India's
first female president.
2010 β Wikileaks publishes classified documents
about the War in Afghanistan, one of the
largest leaks in U.S. military history.
Holidays
and observances
Christian
Feast Day:
Anne (Eastern Christianity)
Christopher (Western Christianity)
Cucuphas
James the Great (Western Christianity)
Julian of Le Mans (translation)
July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Commonwealth Constitution Day, formerly
Occupation Day. (Puerto Rico)
Ebernoe Horn Fair (Sussex, southern England)
Furrinalia (Roman Empire)
Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica)
Inca festival in honor of the thunder god
Ilyap'a
National Day of Galicia (Galicia)
Republic Day (Tunisia)
For details, contact Datacentre
For details, contact Datacentre
