E. Coli |
Highly-resistant
E. coli as a Common Cause of Paediatric Diarrhoea in India
It is well-documented that diarrhoea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children. UNICEF and WHO have ranked it the second-most common cause of death following closely behind pneumonia in children of aged less than five years. They also noted that India has more number of deaths (estimated 386,600 annually) due to diarrhoea than any other country in the world (1). Common causes of bacterial diarrhoea include diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC), Shigella species, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella species, Campylobacter, and Yersinia enterocolitica. UNICEF
and WHO recommend the use of new formula of ORS for preventing
and treating dehydration associated with paediatric diarrhoea
(1). However, in our experience, it is common to prescribe antimicrobial
agents to children with more severe diarrhoea and those who
do not respond adequately to rehydration therapy. Rapidly-growing
antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, leaving the physicians
with very few choices for antimicrobials. The situation has
only been worsened by production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase
(ESBL) which renders the bacteria resistant to the penicillins,
first-, second-, and third-generation cephalosporins, and aztreonam
(but not the cephamycins or carbapenems) by hydrolysis of these
antibiotics E.
Coli Infection • Careful regulation of fluids and essential minerals. • Dialysis to filter waste products from your blood.Some people with kidney failure caused by E. coli infection require dialysis. •
Blood transfusion to treat anemia by giving you additional oxygen-rich
red blood cells. Key facts
Overview STEC
produces toxins, known as Shiga-toxins because of their similarity
to the toxins produced by Shigella dysenteriae. STEC can grow
in temperatures ranging from 7 °C to 50 °C, with an optimum
temperature of 37 °C. Some STEC can grow in acidic foods, down
to a pH of 4.4, and in foods with a minimum water activity (aW)
of 0.95. Video links What
is e. coli?
Escherichia coli Escherichia
coli also known as E. coli is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic,
rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that
is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms
.Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes (EPEC,
ETEC etc.) can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts,
and are occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents
that prompt product recalls.The harmless strains are part of
the normal microbiota of the gut, and can benefit their hosts
by producing vitamin K2, (which helps blood to clot) and preventing
colonisation of the intestine with pathogenic bacteria, having
a mutualistic relationship. E. coli is expelled into the environment
within fecal matter. The bacterium grows massively in fresh
fecal matter under aerobic conditions for 3 days, but its numbers
decline slowly afterwards.
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